To holde: to apprehend: to hold or keepe in: to vnderstand: to perceiue: to keepe backe: to hinder: to let: to make to tarie: to keepe in remembraunce: to remember: to possesse. Arma tenenda digitis. Ouid. Dextra tenens baculum. Ouid. In manu poculum tenere. Cic. Iunctione aliqua teneri. Cic. Arctius tenere aliquem. Ouid. In sinu tenere aliquem. Ouid. To imbrace. Tenet se trans Tyberim in hortis. Plin. iun. He keepeth himselfe, or he abideth on the other side of Tiber, &c. Multa hæreditatibus, multa emptiombus, multa dotibus tenebantur. Cic. Many things were possessed, &c. Tulliam adhuc mecum teneo. Cic. I keepe Tullia yet stil with me. Nisi quid te tenuit. Cic. Except any thing did let you. Si te id non tenet, aduola. Ci. If that make you not tarie. Ventus tenuit nos. Cic. The winde stayed vs. Hunc Phœnissa tenet Dido. Virg. Dido of Phœnicia stayeth or keepeth him, or maketh him to tarie. Ne diutius teneam pecunia attributa numerata est. Cicero. To be short, or that I maye not longer hold you in expectation, &c. Non tenebo te pluribus. Cic. I wil be short with you: I wil not hold you with many words. Vix teneor quin. Plaut. Tenere hominem dicitur res aliqua. Plin. iu. To stay one and make him to tary. Hoc etiam tenentur Romæ homines & alliciuntur. Cice. Tenuo melius ista, qum meum nomen. Mart. I remember these things better than mine owne name. Teneatur modò illud, non inesse in his quicquam tale. Cic. So this only be remembred for a suretie, &c. Aciem tenere, Vide ACIES. Agnatione & gente deorum, siue cognatione teneri. Ci. To be of the linage or kindred of the gods. Eorum qui aliena tenebant, & eorum qui sua amiserant. Ci. Of those that kept their own, &c. Per ambages tenere aliquem. Virg. Etsi amor me grauiter consuetudoq; tenet. Tere. Althoughe loue and familiaritie doth much moue me. Amore alicuius magno teneri. Vir. Greatly to lone one. Angustiis teneri. Cic, To be in a straict. Animos suspensos tenere. Liu. Animos metu tenere, & acerbitate pœnarum, Liu. To restraine and hold in mens affections, &c. Animos tenere dulci nouitate. Ouid. Animo tenere, Cic. To keepe in minde. Animo tenere comprehensa. Idem. Cic. In armis milites tenuit, si opus foret auxilio. Liu. He kepte his souldionts readie armed, &c. Attentos tenere, vel attentos animos. Cicer. To keepe men at. tent. Causam tenere. Suet. To ouercome in his cause or suite: to cast his aduersarie. Causam tenere apud Iudices. Cic. Ciuitatem oppressam seruitute tenere. Cic. Clauum rectum tenere. Quint. Complexu suo aliquid tenere. Cicer. To holde a thing in hys armes. Concionibus cenere populum. Cicer. To delight and rule the people with orations at their assemblies. Consensum aliquorum tenere. Plin. iun. To retaine and keepe the consent of men. Consilium alicuius tenere. Plaut. To follow and do after ones coimisaile. Consuetudmem suam cenere. Cic. To keepe his custome. Tenuit consuetudo, vt præceptoribus eloquen tiæ discipuli serius, qum ratio postulat, traderentur. Quin. The custome hath bene, that, &c. Conturbatum tenuit me hæcres. Ci. This thing long troubled me. Crimen alicuius tenere argumento aliquo. Cic. To proue and conuince by argument that is laide to ones charge. Cunctatio me tenet. Liu. I am in doubt what to do. Cupiditas dimicandi cum Annibale tenet illum. Liu. He hathe a great desire to fight with Annihal. Cursum tenere. Ci. To keepe or continue on his course or rase. Cursum tenere aliquò. Virg. Cursum alicuius tenere Ouid. To let or stay ones voyage. Cursum aliquem tenere per translationem. Cic. To continue on that one hath begun. Decorum tenere. Cic. To obserue comelinesse: to vse a good grace. Decustenere. Ci. To obserne and keepe comelinesfe. Delectum rerÛ tenere. Ci. To haue or obserue choyce of things in doing. Teneri magno desiderio alicuius. Cic. To haue a great desire of ones company. Dignitatem tenere. Quod & retinere dicitur & obseruare. Ci. To keepe his dignitie. Disciplinam tenere. Ci. To be skilful in any discipline or kind of learning. Dolorem tenere. Ci. To refraine or bridle his sorrow. Dominatu alterius teneri. Cic. To be in subiection to one or vnder his rule. Errore aliquo teneri. Ouid. To erre: to be in an error. Me literarum expectatio Thessalonicæ tenet. Cice. I tarie at Thessalonica looking for letters. Ne diutius oratione mea suspensa expectatio vestra ceneatur. Cicero. That my wordes may not cause you to be in longer expectation. Tenet fama, quum fluitantem alueum, quo expositi erant pueri tenuis in sicco aqua destituisset, &c. Li. The fame yet continueth, when, &c. The report goeth, &c. Famam & opinionem hominum cenere. Cæ. To keepe % good name and reputation that men haue of vs. Famam tenere sine labe. Ouid. To keepe his good name, &c. Non tenuit omnino colloquium illud fidem. Cice. Faith and promise was not kept in that talke. Fides eum non tenet, sed merces. Liu. He passeth not so muthe for his faith and promise, as for his prosite. Finem aliquem tenere. Cic. Finem Brittanniæ castris & armis tenemus. Tacit. We keepe the borders of Britaine, &c. Aliquid firmum tenere. Ci. Flagitijs teneri. Tacit. To be manifestly conuicted of, &c. Fletus tenere. Ouid. To stay his weeping. Fœderibus alienis teneri. Li. To be bound to kepe the leagues and conenannts of other. Fugam alicuius tenere. Lucan. To stay or let ones flight. Fugam tenere per medios hosies. Virgil. To flie throughe the midst of his enemies. Gentes tenuit in pace fideli. Ouid. He kept or gouerned, &c. Gratiam alicuius tenere. Ci. To be in fauout with one: also to keepe ones fauour. Grauitatem tenere. Ci. To keepe a grauitie. Gubernacula Reipub. tenere. Ci. To haue the gouernannce of the common weale. Hæ reditatem tenere Cic. To enioy an heritage. Summum imperij tenere. Cæsar. To be souerasgne ruler or gonernour. Imperio Romano teneri. Cice. To be in subiection of the Romaine empire. Si ianua tenebitur incendio. per parietem exibimus. Quin. Insaniam tenere. Plaut. To be madde or out of his witte. Institutum tenere, Cic. To continue on his purpose and manet of doing. Institutum suum tenere in omnibus rebus. Cic. Hoc interdicto Ebutius non tenetur. Ci. Ebutius is not comprised in this proclamation. Irã vel iracundiam tenere. Ci. To refraine or bridle his anger. Neque ira, neque gratia teneri. Cic. To be stayed, &c. Irretitum tenere. Cic. To haue one faste intangled. Quò tenetis iter? Virg. Whither go you: Iucunditatem perpetuam vitæ tenere. Cic. To be pleasant and merie all the time of his life. Iudicia tenere. Cicero. To haue the administration of iustice in matters of the lawe. Iureiurando teneri. Cic. To be bounden with an othe. Ius tenere. Plaut. To be skilfull in the lawe. Ius suum tenere. Cic. To keepe his right. Lachrymas tenere. Cic. To forbeare weeping. Lege aliquem tenere. Terent. Lex tenet. Terent. The lawe bindeth. Lege aut interdicto teneri. Cic. To be comprised in it. Teneri legibus & solui. Cic. To be subiect to lawes. Leges eum non tenent. Cic. He is not bounde or subiect to any lawes. Si vllam partem libertatis tenebo. Ci. If I shal haue neuer so little libertie left. Linguam tenere. Ouid. To stay or refraine. Locum tenere. Cic. To possesse a place. Locum honestum seruitutis tenere. Ci. Among other seruants to be counted honest and of good estimation. Tenuit cum hoc locum quendam. Cic. He was togither with him in some reputation. Tenere locum. Cic. Not to departe from a place. Tenere locum aliquem. Liu. To abide and dwell in a place. Teneri ludis. pompa, spectaculis. Cic. To be delighted, or take pleasure in playes, &c. Lumina immota tenebat Virgil. He looked steadfastly, ueuer moouing his eyes. Mandatum tenere memori mente. Lucr. In manibus tenere. Cic. To holde in, &c. Mare tenere. Cic. To be maister on the sea. Septimum iam diem Corcyræ tenebamur. Ci. We were stayed at Corcyra a seuennight. Mediocritatem tenere. Cic. To keepe a meane. Medium tenere. Cic. To be in the middes. Memoria tenere rem aliquam. Cic. To remember. Memoriam alicuius rei tenere. Idem. Cicer. Tenet vos memoria mei. Cic. You remember me. Animis ac memoria tenetote. Cic. Keepe in minde and remÊbrance. Metu teneri. Liu. To be in great feare. Modum tenere vel custodire, cui Excedere modum opponitur. Plin. iun. Mora nulla tenuit vocatos. Ouid. They tarried not after they were called. Morbus tenet eÛ. Pla. He is attached with sicknesse: he is sicke. Morbo perpetuo teneri. Paulus iuriscons. To be alway sick: to haue a continuall slcknesse. Mordicus tenere, Vide MORDEO. Morem tenere. Cic. To kepe a fashion or custome. Nomen æternum tenere. Virg. To keepe, or to haue a perpetuall name. Nomen legum tenere. Ci. To keepe or haue the name of laws. Obsidione teneri. Virg. To be besieged. Obstrictum teneri sœdere. C. To be bound by league or truce. Occasionem tenere. Cic. To haue an occaston presently. Occupâtum & unpeditum tenere. Ci. To trouble and hold occupied. Oculos tenebat sub astra. Virg. Pictura artificum oculos tenet. Plin. iun. Doth delight. Tenere aliquem in oculis, auribus, complexu, &c. Cic. To loue one exceedingly. Odium veftri ordinis tenet eos. Cic. They hate your order. In officio tenere aliquos. Cæs. To keepe men in obcdience. Nmnia tenere. Cic. To haue all in their power. Oihil aptius est ad opes tuendaac tenendas, qum diligi. Ci. Oppidum septem cohortium præsidio tenebant. Cæfar. They kept the towne with a garrison of, &c. Oppressos vos tenebo exercitu Cæsaris. Cic. Ordine rem tenere, Vide ORDO. Ora tenere. Cic. To be silent: to say nothing. Ora tenere, Virg. Not to moue their count enaunces. Obtutu defixa tenet ora. Virg. Palmam tenere. Plin. To haue the victorie. Partem tenere in re aliqua. Cice. Intelligebam fine te non esse nobis illas partes tenÊdas propter Antonium. Cic. I perceiued that by reason of Antonie I could not iourney in that coast, &c. Percepta & comprehensa tenere. Cice. Quam personam teneant, non intelligunt. Cice. They vnderstande not what person or estate they sustaine. Planta tenet. Colu. The plant hath taken roote. Pœna aliqua teneri. Cic. To be in danger of a punishment. Portum tenere. Liu. To arriue: to be in a hauen. In sua potestate tenere. Cic. Principatum tenere. Cic. To be chiefe. Principatum sententiæ tenere. Cic. To shew or pronounce his opinion firste. Promissum tenere. Cic. To keepe promise. Propositum tenere. Cæs. To haue his intent or purpose. Prouinciam tenere. Ci. To haue the gouernance of, &c. Quæstu tenet eum, qui in ius vocatus est. Papin. Rationem iuris æquabilem tenere. Cice. To keepe an indifferencie in the administration of iustice to all men. Rationem numerorum in oratione tenere. Cic. To know, &c. Regna tenere. Ouid. Religione teneri. Cic. To haue a conscience, religion, or feare of God in doing a thing. Rem oculis, non coniectura tenere. C. To know the thing manifestly by sight and not by coniecture. Ab improbis & perditis ciuibus Resp. tenetur. Cice. Naughtie persons beare greatest swing or stroke in the cõmon weale. Rebus & studijs aliquibus teneri. Hor. Risum tenere. Cic. To refraine laughing. Rura tenere. Ouid. To be in the fieldes. Se intra silentium tenere. Plin. iun. To hold his peace: to say nothing. Se in silentio tenere. Pli. iun. To be stil: not to say a worde. Se in æterno seruitio tenere. Liu. Se in equestri ordine tenere. Plin. iun. To continue still in the state of a gentleman and ascend no higher. Se improbis artibus tenere. Plaut. To maintaine himselfe by naughtie meanes. Sese castris tenere. Cæsar. To keepe himselfe within his camp: not to come out of, &c. Se domo tenere. Cic. To keepe himselfe at home: not to goe abroade. Se domesticis finibus tenere. Cice. To content and keepe hymselfe. &c. Se suis finibus tenere. Ci. To kepe himself within his bounds. Se loco tenere. Liu. Not to go out of his place. Se vno loco tenere. Plancus Ciceroni. To abide still in, &c. Se oppido tenere. Cic. Tenere fe intra grauitatem. Plin. iun. To keepe himselfe withthe boundes of his grauitie. Hoc loco tenere se Triarius non potuit, Obsecro, inquit, &c. Cice. In this place Triarius could not holde his peace, &c. Teneo ab accusando vix me hercule. Cic. In faith with greate paine I forbeare accusing. Teneri non potui, quin tibi apertius illud idem ijs literis declararem. Cic. I could not be stayed, but that, &c. Nec se tenuit quin contra suum doctorem librum etiam ederet. Cicer. And he forbore not to write a booke also againste his maister. Sedem Iouis optimi Max. tenere. Tac. Tenuit sententia altera. Plin. iun. The other opinion was taken and alowed. Sententiam aliquam tenere. Cic. To holde an opinion. Sermone suo tenere aliquem. Cic. To delight one so with his talke that he be not wearie. In sermone tenere aliquem. Val. Flac. Silentium inde aliquandiu tenuit. Liu. He held his peace alittle while after and saide nothing. Silentium tenet populus. Liu. The people holde their peace. Sitis tenet hiantes. Lucr. We be verie thirstie. Somnum tenere. Cic. To forbeare sleepe. Spem tenere. Plau. To haue fome hope. Magna me spes tenet, si ea quæ, &c. Cice. I am in greate hope if, &c. Studia agri colendi tenere. Cic. To continue still in the trade of hus bandrie. Teneri studio alicuius rei. Cic. To take pleasure, or to delight in a thing. Teneri ijsdem studijs. Cic. Summum me eorum studium tenet, sicut odiÛ iam cæterarÛ rerum. Cic. I haue a great affection or desire to see them, &c. Summam rerum tenere. Lucret. To be chiefe ruler. Suspensum tenere aliquem. Virg. To keepe one in doubt. Suum tenere. Cic. To keepe his own. Syluas tenere. Ouid. Tela tenere contra aliquem. Virg. To holde, &c. Temperamentum tenere. Pli. iun. To keepe a meane. Torpor tenet membra. Liu. The limmes are benummed. Verecundia teneri. Liu. To bee ashamed. Vestigia alicuius tenere. Liu. To followe one by the steppes, or print of his feete. Viam tenere. Cic. To follow a way or erample. Perge tenere istam viam. Cic. Continue on this way. Vincla tenent fessas naues. Virg. Vinctum tenere aliquem. Hor. Voluptas viuendi me tenuit. Virg. Vocem tenere. Ouid. To holde his peace. Voce tenere ruÊtÊ. Lu. With speaking or calling to stay one, &c. Voto & promisso teneri. Ci. To be bounde with a promise. Vrbem aliquam tenere. Cic. To haue or keepe a citie. Tene tibi. Plaut. Take thou that. Redi: quo fugis nunc? tene, tene. Plaut. Tary, tary, stay, stay. Armenta tenere clausa stabuhs, Virg. Intra claustra tenere aliquem. Hora. To keepe within, &c. Teneri manifestò. Plau. To be taken in the dede: to be so manifestly conuinced that he cannot deny it. Teneri manifestò in rcbus turpibus. Cic. In manifesto peccato tenebatur. Cic. He was manifestly prooued to haue offended. Manifestò teneo in noxia inimicos meos. Plau. Tenere aliquem manifestum mendacij. Plaut. To haue taken one in a manifest lie: manifestly to conuince, &c. Tenere manifestò furem, Cic. To haue taken or conuinced the theefe manifestly. Tenetur manifestò auaritia hominis. Ci. The mans couetousnesse is manifestly knowne and prooued. Teneri de vi. Sen. To be guiltie of violence or murder. Teneri. Cic. To be conuinced. Argumentis & testibus teneri. Cic. To be conuinced, &c. Scripseram tennisse Varenum, vt sibi euocare testes liceret. Plin. iun. I wrate that Varenus had obtained, &c. Obducto latè tenet omnia limo. Virg. It couereth ouer all a great compasse with mudde. Capitolia celsa tenebat. Virg. He defended or kept: &c. Aliter leges, aliter philosophi tollunt aftutias. Leges, quatenus manu tenere possunt: Philosophi, quatenus ratione & intelligentia. Cic. Lawes, so farre as things can erpreslye be put in writyng: philosophers so farre as reason and wit can conceiue. Arctè tenere & defendere. Cic. Comperire manifestò, & manu tenere indicia mortis. To finde manifestly, and certainely to see and know tokens of murder. Incendium per duas noctes, acdiem vnum tenuit. Liu. The fire continned, &c. His causis quæ familiaritate & consuetudine tenentur. C. Which consiste in familiaritie. Tribus rebus animantium vita tenetur, cibo, potione, spiritu. Ci. The life of creatures is maintained and preserued with three things, meate, drinke, and breath. Posteaquam vnum, quo tenebamur, amissimus. Ci. After % we haue lost one thing wherewith we were maintened. Tenere. Plaut. To vnderstande. Tenes quid dicam: Ter. Doest thou vnderstand what I say?

I. Act., to hold, keep, have in the hand, in the mouth, etc.

A. Lit.

1. In gen.: Eu. Porrige bracchium, prehende: jam tenes? Cha. Teneo. Eu. Tene, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 42; cf. argentum, id. Pers. 3, 3, 9: cum pyxidem teneret in manu, Cic. Cael. 26, 63; for which: aliquid manu, Quint. 10, 7, 31; Ov. M. 11, 560; id. A. A. 1, 320; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 34: aliquid dextrā, Ov. F. 1, 99: digitis, id. ib. 2, 102; id. M. 9, 86; 9, 522: lacertis, id. ib. 2, 100 al.: radicem ore, Cic. Div. 2, 68, 141: cibum ore, Phaedr. 1, 4, 6; for which: decoctum diu in ore, Plin. 25, 13, 105, 166: aliquem in sinu, Ov. H. 3, 114; for which: aliquem sinu, id. ib. 13, 157: flabellulum, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 50: facem, Verg. A. 6, 224: telum, Liv. 2, 19. — Prov.: manu tenere aliquid, to seize, grasp, or comprehend a thing which is palpable or evident: aliter leges, aliter philosophi tollunt astutias: leges, quātenus manu tenere possunt; philosophi, quātenus ratione et intellegentiā, Cic. Off. 3, 17, 68; cf.: cum res non conjecturā, sed oculis ac manibus teneretur, id. Clu. 7, 20. —

2. In partic.

a. With the accessory idea of possession, to hold, i. e. to be master of, have in one's power, possess, etc. (syn.: possideo, habeo): multa hereditatibus, multa emptionibus, multa dotibus tenebantur sine injuriā, Cic. Off. 2, 23, 81: quae tenuit dives Achaemenes, Hor. C. 2, 12, 21: Evander qui multis ante tempestatibus tenuerat loca, Liv. 1, 5: provinciam a praedonibus liberam, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 11, 32: colles praesidiis, Caes. B. C. 3, 43: Formiarum moenia et Lirim, Hor. C. 3, 17, 8: tenente Caesare terras, id. ib. 3, 14, 15: rem publicam, Cic. Mur. 39, 83; id. Sest. 19, 44: summam imperii, Caes. B. G. 3, 22: equitum centurias, Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 3: alterum cornu, to command, Nep. Pelop. 4, 3: provincias aliaque omnia, Sall. C. 39, 2: scenam, to have sole possession of. rule over, Suet. Tit. 7. — Of the possession of the object of affection: te tenet, Tib. 1, 6, 35; 2, 6, 52; Verg. E. 1, 32; Ov. H. 2, 103 Ruhnk.; 15, 88; id. Am. 3, 7, 3; Phaedr. 2, 2, 4.—In colloq. lang., teneo te, I have you once more, of again seeing the beloved person: teneone te, Antiphila, maxime animo exoptata meo? Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 27 Ruhnk.; Sen. Ben. 7, 4; Ov. H. 18, 183; cf.: et comitem Aenean juxta natumque tenebat Ingrediens, Verg. A. 8, 308.—Also like our I have you (fast, bound, etc.): teneo te, inquam, nam ista Academiae est propria sententia, Cic. Ac. 2, 48, 148; id. Quint. 20, 63.—Absol.: qui tenent (sc. rem publicam), who are in possession of the State, of public affairs: qui tenent, qui potiuntur, Cic. Att. 7, 12, 3; 2, 18, 1. —

b. With the accessory idea of firmness, persistence, to hold fast, occupy; to watch, guard, defend; to maintain, retain a thing: legio locum non tenuit atque in proximum collem se recepit, Caes. B. C. 1, 44: montes teneri, id. B. G. 3, 2: haec noctu firmis praesidiis tenebantur, id. ib. 7, 69: Capitolia celsa tenebat, Verg. A. 8, 653: quo teneam Protea nodo? Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 90: te neque intra Claustra tenebo, id. C. 3, 11, 44; cf.: in manicis et Compedibus saevo te sub custode tenebo, id. Ep. 1, 16, 77: laqueis (se) sensit teneri ... fugam frustra tentabat; at illam Lenta tenet radix exsultantemque coërcet, Ov. M. 11, 74 sq.; 1, 535: Athenae tuae sempiternam in arce oleam tenere potuerunt, Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 2: agri qui diu aquam tenent, Pall. Apr. 2, 4: classem ibi tenebat, Liv. 31, 46, 8: secundissimo vento cursum tenere, to hold or keep one's course, Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83; cf.: vento intermisso cursum non tenuit, Caes. B. G. 5, 8; 4, 28; so, cursum, Cic. Planc. 21, 52; id. Rep. 1, 2, 3 fin.; Quint. 4, 3, 13: quo iter, Verg. A. 1, 370; Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 10: (lunam) fingunt cursus viam sub sole tenere, Lucr. 5, 714: tenuit tamen vestigia Bucar, Liv. 29, 32, 6.—

c. With the accessory idea of reaching the object aimed at, to reach, attain a place: montes effuso cursu Sabini petebant et pauci tenuere, Liv. 1, 37, 4: regionem, id. 30, 25, 11: Tenum, id. 36, 21, 1: terram, id. 37, 16, 4; 37, 11, 5; 37, 13, 4; 26, 29, 4: Hesperiam, Ov. F. 1, 498: portus, id. H. 18, 198; Tac. Agr. 38 fin.: cum quibus (navibus) Cythnum insulam tenuit, id. H. 2, 9.—

d. With the accessory idea of movement impeded, to hold fast, hold back, hinder, restrain, detain, check, control, stay, etc.: naves, quae vento tenebantur, Caes. B. G. 4, 22: quid hic agatur, scire poteris ex eo, qui litteras attulit, quem diutius tenui, quia, etc., Cic. Att. 11, 3, 1: si id te non tenet, advola, id. Fam. 16, 19: septimum jam diem Corcyrae tenebamur, id. ib. 16, 7 init.: Marcellum ab gerundis rebus valetudo adversa Nolae tenuit, Liv. 24, 20, 7: non tenebo te pluribus, Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 3; cf. absol.: ne diutius teneam, id. Verr. 2, 1, 13, 34: solutum (corpus) tenere, Cels. praef. med.; cf. ventrem, id. 4, 19 med.: tene linguam, Ov. F. 2, 602: pecus omne tenendum, Verg. G. 2, 371: vix a te videor posse tenere manus, Ov. Am. 1, 4, 10; so, manus, id. M. 13, 203; cf.: manum stomachumque teneto, Hor. S. 2, 7, 44: saeva tene cum Berecyntio Cornu tympana, id. C. 1, 18, 13: et Phoebi tenuere viam, i. e. impeded, closed up, Luc. 5, 136: quo me decet usque teneri? Verg. A. 5, 384: lacrimas, Caes. B. G. 1, 39; so, lacrimas in morte miserā non tenebamus, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67, 172: dictator exercitum in stativis tenebat, Liv. 6, 14, 1. —

(b). Esp.: se tenere, to keep back, remain, stay: Sabinus castris sese tenebat, Caes. B. G. 3, 17; 1, 40; Liv. 2, 45, 2: nullā clade acceptā castris se pavidus tenebat, id. 3, 26, 3: Hasdrubal procul ab hoste intervallo tenebat se, id. 23, 26, 2: se domi a conventu remotum tenere, Nep. Dion, 9, 1: ego tamen teneo ab accusando vix me hercule: sed tamen teneo, restrain myself, refrain, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2: nec se tenuit, quin, etc., id. Ac. 2, 4, 12; cf. mid.: teneri non potui, quin tibi apertius illud idem his litteris declararem, id. Att. 15, 14, 2; Just. 6, 7, 10; cf.: se intra silentium tenuit, Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 8: multum me intra silentium tenui, id. ib. 7, 6, 6.—

B. Trop.

1. In gen., to hold, contain in the mind, to conceive, comprehend, know (syn.: percipio, intellego): nunc ego teneo, nunc scio, Quid sit hoc negotii, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 39: tenes Quorsum haec tendant quae loquor, id. Ps. 1, 2, 81: tenes, quid dicam? Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 22: teneo, I understand, id. And. 1, 1, 59: teneo quid erret, id. 3, 2, 18; Cic. Rep. 1, 23, 37; cf.: quibus capiatur Caesar, tenes, Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 5: quae a Romanis auguribus ignorantur, a Cilicibus ... Lyciis tenentur, Cic. Div. 1, 15, 25: quoniam ea, quae tenebatis ipsi, etiam ex me audire voluistis, id. Rep. 1, 46, 70: alicujus reconditos sensus, id. Sest. 10, 22: quo pacto cuncta tenerem, Hor. S. 2, 4, 8: et teneo melius ista, Mart. 4, 37, 7.—With inf.: nullus frugi esse homo potest, nisi qui et bene facere et male tenet, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 10; Lucr. 3, 647.—

2. In partic.

a. To have possession of, have the mastery of, to control any thing: cum rem publicam opes paucorum non virtutes tenere coeperunt, Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 51.—

b. To hold fast, guard, preserve, uphold, keep, insist (syn. servo): sin consuetudinem meam, quam in re publicā semper habui, tenuero, Cic. Phil. 1, 11, 27: ordinem, id. ib. 5, 13, 35: portum, id. Fam. 1, 9, 21: statum, id. Rep. 1, 28, 44: non tenebat ornatum suum civitas, id. ib. 1, 27, 43: si jus suum populi teneant, id. ib. 1, 32, 48: nec diutius umquam tenetur idem rei publicae modus, id. ib. 1, 44, 68: est boni viri, haec duo tenere in amicitiā, etc., id. Lael. 18, 65: morem, id. Off. 3, 10, 44; so id. Fl. 7, 15; Verg. A. 3, 408: foedus, Cic. Balb. 15, 34: tenebat non modo auctoritatem, sed etiam imperium in suos, id. Sen. 11, 37: silentium, Liv. 1, 28, 8.—

c. To hold fast, maintain, support, defend, uphold, insist: illud arcte tenent accurateque defendunt, voluptatem esse summum bonum, hold fast, maintain, Cic. Par. 1, 3, 14; cf.: illud, quod multos annos tenuisset, id. Ac. 2, 22, 71; and: quod idem Peripatetici non tenent, id. Fin. 3, 13, 44: propositum tenere, to maintain, Caes. B. C. 3, 42, 1: suas leges, Cic. Verr. 1, 4, 13: causam apud centumviros, id. Caecin. 24, 67: quo causae teste tenentur, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 43: locum quendam cum aliquo, Cic. Brut. 21, 81.— With ne: plebs tenuit, ne consules in proximum annum crearentur, Liv. 4, 30, 16: ne quid ferretur ad populum, patres tenuere, id. 3, 29, 8; 24, 19, 7. — With ut: tenuere patres, ut Fabius consul crearetur, Liv. 2, 42, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.: scripseram tenuisse Varenum ut sibi evocare testes liceret, Plin. Ep. 6, 5, 1.—

d. Of memory: alicujus memoriam cum summā benevolentiā tenere, to recollect, preserve a recollection of, Cic. Fam. 6, 2, 1.—Esp.: memoriā tenere: memoriā tenetis, compluris in Capitolio res de caelo esse percussas, you remember, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19; id. Fam. 1, 9, 12; Caes. B. G. 1, 14; cf.: memoriā teneo, C. Sulpicium Gallum, etc., id. Rep. 1, 14, 21; v. memoria; so without memoria, to bear in mind, remember, recollect: satin' haec meministi et tenes? Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 1: numeros memini, si verba tenerem, Verg. E. 9, 45: dicta tenere, Hor. A. P. 336; id. S. 2, 4, 8: quem (Cyrum) omnia militum tenuisse creditum est nomina, Quint. 11, 2, 50; 11, 2, 45.—

e. To reach an object striven after, to gain, acquire, obtain, attain (syn. assequor): per cursum rectum regnum tenere, Cic. Agr. 2, 17, 44: Servium Tullium post hunc captivā natum, ingenio virtute regnum tenuisse, Liv. 4, 3, 12: teneri res aliter non potest, Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 3: multa tenuisse, Liv. 42, 11, 8: causam, Ov. M. 13, 190.—

f. To hold, hold back, repress, restrain, bind, fetter, etc. (syn.: refreno, retineo): iracundiam teneat, avaritiam coërceat, Cic. Par. 5, 1, 33: dolorem, id. Att. 12, 38, 2: cupiditates, id. Verr. 2, 3, 1, 3: somnum, id. Brut. 80, 278: risum, id. Vatin. 8, 20; Hor. A. P. 5: iram, Curt. 4, 2, 5: ea, quae occurrant, tenere, to hold back, keep to themselves, Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221.—

g. Of laws, etc., to bind, hold, obligate, be binding on, control, etc.: quamquam leges eum non tenent, Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11; cf.: interdicto non teneri, id. Caecin. 14, 41: voto quodam et promisso teneri, id. Att. 12, 18, 1: ut plebi scita omnes Quirites tenerent, Liv. 8, 12, 14; cf.: olim patricii dicebant se plebi scitis non teneri, Gai. Inst. 1, 3: cum velut in controverso jure esset, tenerenturne patres plebi scitis, legem tulere, ut quod tributim plebis jussisset, populum teneret, Liv. 3, 55, 3: teneri alienis foederibus, id. 24, 29, 11: poenā teneri, to be subject or liable to, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 5: testibus in re perspicuā teneri, to be convicted, id. Caecin. 2, 4; cf.: nemo ita in manifesto peccatu tenebatur, ut, etc., id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, 191: caedis teneri, Quint. 5, 14, 11: teneri repetundarum, Tac. A. 11, 7 fin.: furti, Dig. 6, 1, 4: injuriarum, ib. 47, 10, 11: mandati, ib. 17, 1, 10.—Transf.: nisi illi ipsi, qui eas (libidines) frangere deberent, cupiditatis ejusdem tenerentur, Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 31 Mos. and Orell. N. cr.—

h. Of dispositions, desires, etc., to possess, occupy, control: quae te tanta pravitas mentis tenuerit, ut, etc., has had possession of you, Cic. Vatin. 6, 14: summum me eorum (librorum) studium tenet, id. Att. 1, 11, 3: magna me spes tenet, id. Tusc. 1, 41, 97: de triumpho nulla me cupiditas umquam tenuit, id. Att. 7, 2, 6: si consilio pulso libidines iracundiaeve tenerent omnia, id. Rep. 1, 38, 60: nisi forte quem inhonesta et perniciosa libido tenet, Sall. J. 3, 4: neque irā neque gratiā teneri, to be controlled or influenced, Cic. N. D. 1, 17, 45; so, teneri desiderio, id. Sen. 10, 33: studio philosophiae, id. Ac. 1, 2, 4: magno amore, Verg. A. 1, 675: pompā, ludis atque ejusmodi spectaculis teneri, to be enchained, fascinated, Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 48; cf.: ut oculi picturā teneantur, aures cantibus, id. Ac. 2, 7, 20: is qui audit, ab oratore jam obsessus est ac tenetur, id. Or. 62, 210.—With ne, Ov. M. 7, 146. —

k. To take in, comprise, comprehend, include: haec magnos formula reges, Excepto sapiente, tenet, Hor. S. 2, 3, 46.—More freq. pass.: teneri aliquā re, to be contained, comprised, grounded, to consist in a thing: ut homines deorum agnatione et gente teneantur, Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 23: id quod (genus officiorum) teneatur hominum societate, id. Off. 1, 45, 160: quae (causae) familiaritate et consuetudine tenentur, id. Fam. 13, 29, 1: dixi jam antea, ipsam rationem arandi spe magis et jucunditate quadam quam fructu atque emolumento teneri, id. Verr. 2, 3, 98, 227.

II. Neutr. (freq. after the Aug. per.; perh. not in Cic.).

A. Lit.

1. To hold a position anywhere, maintain one's self: quā abscisae rupes erant, statio paucorum armatorum tenebat, Liv. 32, 5, 12: duo extra ordinem milia tenuere, id. 3, 62, 7: tenent Danai, quā deficit ignis, Verg. A. 2, 505.—

2. For cursum tenere, to hold or take one's way, to sail, steer in any direction: Aeneam ... ab Siciliā classe ad Laurentem agrum tenuisse, Liv. 1, 1, 4: Cassandream petentes, primo ad Mendin tenuere, Liv. 31, 45, 14: ad Mendaeum, id. 21, 49, 2: Diam, Ov. M. 3, 690: Creten, id. ib. 13, 706: Hesperiam, id. F. 1, 498: Ausoniam, id. ib. 4, 290 al.: medio tutissimus ibis ... Inter utrumque tene, Ov. M. 2, 140.—

B. Trop., with the accessory idea of continuance (cf. I. A. 2. b. and B. 2. b. supra), to hold out, hold on, last, endure, continue, maintain itself, prevail, etc. (cf. obtineo): imber per noctem totam tenuit, Liv. 23, 44, 6; cf.: incendium per duas noctes ac diem unum tenuit, id. 24, 47, 15: per aliquot dies ea consultatio tenuit, id. 2, 3, 5; 3, 47, 6: tenet fama, lupam, etc., id. 1, 4, 6: quod nunc quoque tenet nomen, id. 1, 17, 6: fama tenuit, haud plus fuisse modio, id. 23, 12, 2; 21, 46, 10: tenuit consuetudo, quae cottidie magis invalescit, ut, etc., Quint. 2, 1, 1 Spald.; so, consuetudo, ut, etc., id. 8, 5, 2: nomen illud tenet, id. 9, 4, 47 Spald.; cf. Ov. M. 1, 712.