To presse: to presse or weigh downe: to treade dowue: to vere: to grieue: to be vrgent or instant vpon: to prease on: to dig: to strayne: to thrust: to thrust downe: to destroy: to be contrary or against: to constrayne: to restrayne: to pursue them that flie: to reprehend and blame in wordes. Neque vlli pede pedem homini premat. Plaut. Let hir not treade vpon any mans foote. AnguÊ pressit humi nitens. Virg. He standing on the ground trode on a snake. Prelo premere. Colum. To squise in a presse: to presse. Arctè premere. Lucret. To presse harde. Premere & vrgere. Cic. Premo & Defendo, contraria. Quintil. Fata istæe me premunt, id est, aduersantur mihi. Plautus. This destinie is against me. Nihil magis pressi, qum quòd accusator cius, præuaricationis crimine corruisset. Plin. iun. I was not more vrgent or instant on any point, than, &c. Hac fugerent Graij, premeret Troiana iuuentus, id est, insequeretur. Virg. And % youth of Troy did egerly pursue thÊ. Presserunt eÛ qui, &c. Quint. They rated him, or spake ear- nestly against him, which, &c. Pressa est insignis gloria facti. Virg. The author of the noble oct is not knowne. Premere aliquid in aunum nonum vel decimum. Horat. To keepe a thing ix, yeares before it come abroade. Inuitarn pressit ab ædibus, Varro. He thrust hir out of the house against hir will. Aere alieno premi. Cic. To be in great debt, or ouercharged with debt. Alas premunt cantu plausúque galli. Cic. Facta premunt annos. Ouid. The deedes be moe or greater than for the number of yeares. Angustijs premi. Cæsar. To be kept harde or short: to be in harde distresse. Arte sua premi. Ouid. To be grieued or endomaged by his owne arte. Arna aliena iugo premere. Virgil. To keepe in subiection other mens landes and dominions. Arua premere dicitur pelagus. Virg. To ouerflow fieldes. Bello premi. Cic. To be combred or troubled with warre. Caseus pinguis premitur. Virg. Causam premere testibus. Cicer. To conuict the matter, or to charge it harde with witnesses. Ceruum ad retia premere. Virg. To chase or driue into, &c. Collum laqueo premere. Horat To hang. Confessionem premere. Quintil. To vrge, or be earnest on that is confessed. Corticem premere. Plin. To squise the barke. Crimen eleuare, & premere, cõtraria. Quint. To aggrauate. Frondc crinem premere. Virg. To set a garland on his head. Cursum apri clamore premens. Virgil. Following harde the chase of the bore with crying. Cursum ingenij premit hæc importuna clades ciuitatis. Cic. This outragious hurt and losse happened to our citie doth let and stay the course of my inuention or wit. Dentes in vite premere. Ouid. To bite or set his teeth in the vine. Desyderio rerum omnium & luctu premi. Cic. Premit altum corde dolorem. Virgil. To keepe a griefe or grudge hid in the bottome of hir hart. Doloribus premi. Cic. To be grieued with forow and paine. Famam alicuius premere. Tacit. To hinder ones good name and speake ill of him. Fame premi & tempestate. Plin. To be ouercharged or sore grieued with hunger and tempest of weather. Lingua aspera premit fauces obsessas. Virg. Fauces defensionis alicuius premere, per translationem. Ci. Greatly to weaken and ouerthrowe ones defence. To stop ones mouth and make him not to haue a worde to defende himselfe. Premi faucibus. Cic. To be so harde charged and layde vnto in reasoning, that he can no way scape. Frigoribus premimur. Ouid. Gradum pressêre attoniti. Valer. Flac. They being astonied did rest or stay. Grana presseratore. Ouid. Hasta aliquem premere. Virg. Imperio premere. Virg. To rule: to keepe vnder: to keepe in subiection. Impetu hostium premi Liu. To be vehemently assaulted. Inopia premi. Col. To be in great pouertie and neede. Inuidia & odio premi. Cic. To be in great hatred and enuie. Iras premere. Tacit. To refraine anger. Premunt te iussa parentis. Virg. Luxuriem premere. Ouid. To cut off superfluous braunches from trees. Mammam premere. Plin. To sucke. Manu premere. Lucret. To squise. Necessitas te tanta premebat. Cic. Thou wast in so great necessitie. Nec sinis ingenium nobilitate premi. Ouid. Thou sufferest not thy noblenesse to surmount or passe thy wit: thou art as wise as thou art noble of birth. Nocte premi. Virg. Obsidione premi. Ouid. To be streightly besleged. Vrbem obsidione premebat. Virg. Obsidione & oppugnationibus eos premere cœpit. Cæsar. He began streyghtly to besiege and assault them. Oculos premere. Virg. To close ones eyes. Quies pressit oculos. Virg. Non premendum odium. Plin. iun. Wee must not dissemble and hide our hatred. Odio premi. Cic. To be in hatred. Onere premi, Vide ONVS. Pede presso eos retrocedentes in interualla ordinum principes recipiebant. Liuius. They that were in the foremost ranke receyued them into the voyde places sofely retiring or giuing backe. Propositum premere. Ouid. To vrge and go through with his purpose. Sedilia premere. Ouid. To sit. Seruitio premere vrbem. Virgil. To keepe a citie in seruile estate. Quum seruitute premeremur. Cic. When we were kept short in seruile condition. Silentia premere. Sil. To keepe silence. Sonus remorum premitur clamore. Lucan. A man could not heare the noyse of the oares by reason of the great crie. Sulcúmque sibi premat ipsa carina. Virg. Let the shippe make his way in the sea. Tumentia premere, Humilia extollere, contraria. Quint. To represse those things that are ouer loftie. Me verbo premis. Cic. Thou vrgest me with the signification of the worde. Vestigia premere. Virg. To stop sodninely. Vestigia premere. Tacit. To follow immediatly. Virgulta per agros premere. Virgil. To digge and sette yong shootes into the ground. Vi premi. Lucret. Vitem premere falce. Horat. To cut a vine. Hoc vno vitio maximè mihi premi videntur tui Stoici, quòd &c. Cicer. Among many other things me thinketh this one fault doth most charge or burden the Stoikes. Vmbras premere falce. Virgil. To cut away the branches that shadow. Vocem premere. Virg. To hold ones peace: to keepe silence.

I. Lit.: pede pedem alicui premere, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 30: et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos, Verg. A. 7, 518: veluti qui sentibus anguem Pressit humi nitens, id. ib. 2, 379: novercae Monstra manu premens, id. ib. 8, 288: pressit et inductis membra paterna rotis, i. e. drove her chariot over her father's body, Ov. Ib. 366: trabes Hymettiae Premunt columnas, press, rest heavily upon them, Hor. C. 2, 18, 3: premere terga genu alicujus, Ov. Am. 3, 2, 24: ubera plena, i. e. to milk, id. F. 4, 769: vestigia alicujus, to tread in, to follow one's footsteps, Tac. A. 2, 14: nudis pressit qui calcibus anguem, Juv. 1, 43: dente frena, to bite, to champ, Ov. M. 10, 704: ore aliquid, to chew, eat, id. ib. 5, 538; cf.: aliquid morsu, Lucr. 3, 663: presso molari, with compressed teeth, Juv. 5, 160: pressum lac, i. e. cheese, Verg. E. 1, 82.—In mal. part.: Hister Peucen premerat Antro, forced, Val. Fl. 8, 256: uxorem, Suet. Calig. 25.—Of animals: feminas premunt galli, Mart. 3, 57, 17.—

B. Transf.

1. Poet., to bear down upon, to touch: premere litora, Ov. M. 14, 416: litus, to keep close to the shore, Hor. C. 2, 10, 3: aëra, i. e. to fly, Luc. 7, 835.—

2. Poet., to hold fast, hold, firmly grasp: premere frena manu, Ov. M. 8, 37: ferrum, to grasp, Sil. 5, 670: capulum, id. 2, 615.—

3. Poet., to press a place with one's body, i. e. to sit, stand, lie, fall, or seat one's self on any thing: toros, Ov. H. 12, 30: sedilia, id. M. 5, 317: hoc quod premis habeto, id. ib. 5, 135: et pictam positā pharetram cervice premebat, id. ib. 2, 421: humum, to lie on the ground, id. Am. 3, 5, 16; cf. id. F. 4, 844: frondes tuo premis ore caducas, id. M. 9, 650; Sen. Hippol. 510.—

4. To cover, to conceal by covering (mostly poet.): aliquid terrā, to conceal, bury in the earth, Hor. Epod. 1, 33: nonumque prematur in annum, kept back, suppressed, id. A. P. 388: omne lucrum tenebris alta premebat humus, Ov. Am. 3, 8, 36: ossa male pressa, i. e. buried, id. Tr. 5, 3, 39; Plin. 2, 79, 81, 191; hence, to crown, to cover or adorn with any thing: ut premerer sacrā lauro, Hor. C. 3, 4, 18: molli Fronde crinem, Verg. A. 4, 147: canitiem galeā, id. ib. 9, 612: mitrā capillos, Ov. F. 4, 517; cf. Verg. A. 5, 556.—

5. To make, form, or shape any thing by pressing (poet.): quod surgente die mulsere horisque diurnis, Nocte premunt, they make into cheese, Verg. G. 3, 400: os fingit premendo, id. A. 6, 80: caseos, id. E. 1, 35: mollem terram, Vulg. Sap. 15, 7; Calp. Ecl. 5, 34.—

6. To press hard upon, bear down upon, to crowd, pursue closely: hostes de loco superiore, Caes. B. G. 7, 19: Pompeiani nostros premere et instare coeperunt, id. B. C. 3, 46: hac fugerent Graii, premeret Trojana juventus, Verg. A. 1, 467: Pergamenae naves cum adversarios premerent acrius, Nep. Hann. 11, 5: hinc Rutulus premit, et murum circumsonat armis, Verg. A. 8, 473: obsidione urbem, Caes. B. G. 7, 32.—Of the pursuit or chase of animals: ad retia cervum, Verg. G. 3, 413: spumantis apri cursum clamore, id. A. 1, 324: bestias venatione, Isid. 10, 282.—

7. To press down, burden, load, freight: nescia quem premeret, on whose back she sat, Ov. M. 2, 869: tergum equi, id. ib. 8, 34; 14, 343: et natat exuviis Graecia pressa suis, Prop. 4, 1, 114 (5, 1, 116): pressae carinae, Verg. G. 1, 303: pressus membra mero, Prop. 2, 12 (3, 7), 42: magno et gravi onere armorum pressi, Caes. B. G. 4, 24: auro phaleras, to adorn, Stat. Th. 8, 567.—

8. To press into, force in, press upon: (caprum) dentes in vite prementem, Ov. F. 1, 355: presso sub vomere, Verg. G. 2, 356; cf.: presso aratro, Tib. 4, 1, 161: alte ensem in corpore, Stat. Th. 11, 542: et nitidas presso pollice finge comas, Prop. 3, 8 (4, 9), 14: et cubito remanete presso, leaning upon, Hor. C. 1, 27, 8. —

b. To make with any thing (poet.): aeternā notā, Ov. F. 6, 610: littera articulo pressa tremente, id. H. 10, 140: multā via pressa rotā, id. ib. 18, 134.—

9. To press down, let down, cause to sink down, to lower: nec preme, nec summum molire per aethera currum, Ov. M. 2, 135: humanaeque memor sortis, quae tollit eosdem, Et premit, id. Tr. 3, 11, 67: mundus ut ad Scythiam Rhiphaeasque arduus arces Consurgit, premitur Libyae devexus in Austros, sinks down, Verg. G. 1, 240; Sen. Herc. Fur. 155. —

b. In partic.

(a). To set, plant: virgulta per agros, Verg. G. 2, 346; 26.—

(b). To make or form by pressing down, to make any thing deep, to dig: vestigio leviter presso, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 24, 53; cf. (trop.): vestigia non pressa leviter, sed fixa, id. Sest. 5, 13: sulcum premere, to draw a furrow, Verg. A. 10, 296: fossam transversam, inter montes pressit (al. percussit), Front. Strat. 1, 5: fossa pressa, Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 4: cavernae in altitudinem pressae, Curt. 5, 1, 28.—

(g). To strike to the ground, to strike down: tres famulos, Verg. A. 9, 329: paucos, Tac. H. 4, 2.—

10. To press closely, compress, press together, close: oculos, Verg. A. 9, 487: alicui fauces, Ov. M. 12, 509: laqueo collum, to strangle, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 37: angebar ceu guttura forcipe pressus, Ov. M. 9, 78: presso gutture, compressed, Verg. G. 1, 410; cf.: siquidem unius praecordia pressit ille (boletus) senis, i. e. stopped his breath, Juv. 6, 621: quibus illa premetur Per somnum digitis, choked, id. 14, 221: amplexu presso, united, in close embrace, Sen. Oedip. 192: oscula jungere pressa, to exchange kisses, Ov. H. 2, 94; so, pressa basia, Mart. 6, 34, 1: presso gradu incedere, in close ranks, foot to foot, Liv. 28, 14: pede presso, id. 8, 8.—

b. In partic.

(a). To shorten, tighten, draw in: pressis habenis, Verg. A. 11, 600 (cf.: laxas dure habenas, id. ib. 1, 63).—

(b). To keep short, prune: Calenā falce vitem, Hor. C. 1, 31, 9: luxuriem falce, Ov. M. 14, 628: falce premes umbras (i. e. arbores umbrantes), Verg. G. 1, 157; 4, 131: molle salictum, Calp. Ecl. 5, 110.—

(g). To check, arrest, stop: premere sanguinem, Tac. A. 15, 64: vestigia pressit, Verg. A. 6, 197: attoniti pressere gradum, Val. Fl. 2, 424' dixit, pressoque obmutuit ore, was silent, Verg. A. 6, 155.—

11. To press out, bring out by pressure: tenerā sucos pressere medullā, Luc. 4, 318; cf.: (equus) collectumque fremens volvit sub naribus ignem, Verg. ap. Sen. Ep. 95, 68, and id. G. 3, 85 Rib.—

12. To frequent: feci ut cotidie praesentem me viderent, habitavi in oculis, pressi forum, Cic. Planc. 27, 66.—

II. Trop.

A. To press, press upon, oppress, overwhelm, weigh down; to urge, drive, importune, pursue, to press close or hard, etc. (class.): ego istum pro suis factis pessumis pessum premam, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 49 Lorenz ad loc.: quae necessitas eum tanta premebat, ut, etc., Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97: ea, quae premant, et ea, quae impendeant, id. Fam. 9, 1, 2: aerumnae, quae me premunt, Sall. J. 14, 22: pressus gravitate soporis, bound by heavy, deep sleep, Ov. M. 15, 21: cum aut aere alieno, aut magnitudine tributorum, aut injuriā potentium premuntur, Caes. B. G. 6, 13: invidia et odio populi premi, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 228: premi periculis, id. Rep. 1, 6, 10: cum a me premeretur, id. Verr. 2, 1, 53, 139; cf.: aliquem verbo, id. Tusc. 1, 7, 13: criminibus veris premere aliquem, Ov. M. 14, 401: cum a plerisque ad exeundum premeretur, exire noluit, was pressed, urged, importuned, Nep. Ages. 6, 1: a Pompeii procuratoribus sescentis premi coeptus est, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3: numina nulla premunt; mortali urgemur ab hoste, Verg. A. 10, 375: premere reum voce, vultu, Tac. A. 3, 67: crimen, to pursue obstinately, Quint. 7, 2, 12: confessionem, to force a confession from one, id. 7, 1, 29: argumentum etiam atque etiam, to pursue steadily, Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88: ancipiti mentem formidine pressus, Verg. A. 3, 47: maerore pressa, Sen. Oct. 103: veritate pressus negare non potuit, overcome, overpowered, Lact. 4, 13.—

B. Transf.

1. To repress, hide, conceal (mostly poet.): dum nocte premuntur, Verg. A. 6, 827: curam sub corde, id. ib. 4, 332: odium, Plin. Pan. 62: iram, Tac. A. 6, 50: pavorem et consternationem mentis vultu, id. ib. 13, 16: interius omne secretum, Sen. Ep. 3, 4: dolorem silentio, Val. Max. 3, 3, 1 ext.; cf. silentia, Sil. 12, 646: aliquid ore, Verg. A. 7, 103: jam te premet nox, Hor. C. 1, 4, 16.—

2. To lower, diminish, undervalue, disparage, depreciate: premendorum superiorum arte sese extollebat, Liv. 22, 12: arma Latini, Verg. A. 11, 402: opuscula ( = deprimere atque elevare), Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 36: famam alicujus, Tac. A. 15, 49: premere ac despicere, Quint. 11, 1, 16: premere tumentia, humilia extollere, id. ib. 10, 4, 1.—

b. To surpass, exceed: facta premant annos, Ov. M. 7, 449: ne prisca vetustas Laude pudicitiae saecula nostra premat, id. P. 3, 1, 116: quantum Latonia Nymphas Virgo premit, Stat. S. 1, 2, 115.—

c. To rule (poet.): dicione premere populos, Verg. A. 7, 737: imperio, id. ib. 1, 54: Mycenas Servitio premet, id. ib. 1, 285.—

3. To suppress, pull down, humble, degrade: quae (vocabula) nunc situs premit, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 118: nec premendo alium me extulisse velim, Liv. 22, 59, 10; cf. id. 39, 41, 1: premebat reum crimen, id. 3, 13, 1.—

4. To compress, abridge, condense: haec enim, quae dilatantur a nobis, Zeno sic premebat, Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 20.—

5. To check, arrest, repress, restrain: cursum ingenii tui, Brute, premit haec importuna clades civitatis, Cic. Brut. 97, 332: sub imo Corde gemitum, Verg. A. 10, 464: vocem, to be silent, id. ib. 9, 324: sermones vulgi, to restrain, Tac. A. 3, 6.—

6. To store up, lay up in the mind, muse upon: (vocem) ab ore Eripuit pater ac stupefactus numine pressit, Verg. A. 7, 119.—Hence, pressus, a, um, P. a.

I. Moderate, slow, suppressed, kept down.

A. Lit.: presso pede eos retro cedentes principes recipiebant, Liv. 8, 8, 9: presso gradu, id. 28, 14, 14; cf.: pressoque legit vestigia gressu, Ov. M. 3, 17.—

B. Trop.

1. Of the voice or manner, subdued: haec cum pressis et flebilibus modis, qui totis theatris maestitiam inferant, Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 106.—

2. Of color, lowered, depressed; hence, dark, gloomy: color pressus, Pall. 4, 13, 4: color viridi pressior, Plin. 35, 6, 13, 32: spadices pressi, Serv. Verg. G. 3, 82.—

II. Esp., of an orator or of speech.

A. Compressed, concise, plain, without ornament (class.): fiunt pro grandibus tumidi, pressis exiles, fortibus temerarii, etc., Quint. 10, 2, 16: cum Attici pressi et integri, contra Asiani inflati et inanes haberentur, id. 12, 10, 18.—Of style: pressa et tenuia, et quae minimum ab usu cotidiano recedant, Quint. 10, 1, 102: pressus et demissus stilus, Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 5; Quint. 4, 2, 117.—Comp.: in concionibus pressior, et circumscriptior, et adductior, more moderate, keeping more within bounds, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 4.—

B. Close, exact, accurate: Thucydides ita verbis aptus et pressus, ut, Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56: quis te fuit umquam in partiundis rebus pressior? more exact, more accurate, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 364, 24: sicuti taxare pressius crebriusque est, quam tangere, Gell. 2, 6, 5: quod (periculum) observandum pressiore cautelā censeo, stricter, greater, App. M. 5, p. 160, 36: cogitationes pressiores, id. ib. 5, p. 163, 32.—So of sounds, precise, intelligible: (lingua) vocem profusam fingit atque sonos vocis distinctos et pressos facit, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149.—Hence, adv.: pressē, with pressure, violently (class.): artius pressiusque conflictata, Atei. Capito ap. Gell. 10, 6, 2.—

B. Closely, tightly.

1. Lit.: vites pressius putare, Pall. 12, 9: pressius colla radere, Veg. Vet. 1, 56.—

2. Trop.

a. Of pronunciation, shortly, neatly, trimly: loqui non aspere, non vaste, non rustice, sed presse, et aequabiliter, et leniter, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; id. Off. 1, 37, 133.—

b. Of the mode of expression, etc., concisely, not diffusely: definire presse et anguste, Cic. Or. 33, 117: abundanter dicere, an presse, Quint. 8, 3, 40: pressius et astrictius scripsi, Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 10.—

(b). Without ornament, simply: unum (genus oratorum) attenuate presseque, alterum sublate ampleque dicentium, Cic. Brut. 55, 202: aliquid describere modo pressius, modo elatius, Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 3.—

(g). Closely, exactly, correctly, accurately: mihi placet agi subtilius, et pressius, Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24: definiunt pressius, id. Tusc. 4, 7, 14: anquisitius, et exactius pressiusque disserere, Gell. 1, 3, 21.