A. as the Subst. Verb,

I. of persons, exist, οὐκ ἔσθ' οὗτος ἀνήρ, οὐδ' ἔσσεται Od.16.437; ἔτ' εἰσί they are still in being, 15.433, cf. S.445, etc.; τεθνηῶτος ..μηδ' ἔτ' ἐόντοσ Od.1.289; οὐκέτ' ἐστί he is no more, E. 1162; οὐδὲ δὴν ἦν he was not long-lived, Il.6.131; ὁ οὐκ ὤν, οἱ οὐκ ὄντεσ, of those who are no more, Th.2.45,44; οἱ ὄντεσ the living, Plb.9.29.2; ὁ ὤν the , LXX 3.14, al., Ph.1.289; θεοὶ αἰὲν ἐόντεσ Il.1.290; ἐσσόμενοι posterity, 2.119; κἀγὼ γὰρ ἦ ποτ', ἀλλὰ νῦν οὐκ εἴμ' ἔτι E.284; ὡς ἂν εἶεν ἅνθρωποι might continue in being, Pl.190c; ζώντων καὶ ὄντων Ἀθηναίων D.18.72, cf. Arist.318b25; of things, εἰ ἔστι ἀληθέως [ἡ τράπεζα] Hdt.3.17, etc.; of cities, ὄλωλεν, οὐδ' ἔτ' ἐστὶ Τροία E.1292, cf. 491; δοκεῖ μοι Καρχηδόνα μὴ εἶναι censeo Carthaginem esse delendam, Plu.27; ἂν ᾖ τὸ στράτευμα be in existence, D.8.17; of money, to be in hand, τῶν ὄντων χρημάτων καὶ τῶν προσιόντων 12.91.25; τὰ ὄντα property, Pl. 511a, Plu.24, etc.; τὸ ἐσόμενον ἐκ ..future revenue from .., 46.420 (Olymos, i B. C.); of place, τὴν οὖσαν ἐκκλησίαν the local church, 13.1; of time, τοῦ ὄντος μηνόσ in the current month, 146.4, etc.; in office, ἱερέων τῶν ὄντων 5.4(ii B. C.); αἱ οὖσαι [ἐξουσίαι] the powers that be, Ep. Rom.13.1.

II. of the real world, be, opp. become, γίγνεται πάντα ἃ δή φαμεν εἶναι Pl. 152d, etc.; τὸ ὄν , Parm.8.35, Protag.2, Pl.27d, etc.; opp. τὸ μὴ ὄν, Gorg.3 D., etc.; οὐδὲν γίνεται ἐκ τοῦ μὴ ὄντοσ Epicur. 1p.5U.; ἐξ οὐκ ὄντων ἐποίησεν αὐτὰ ὁ θεόσ LXX 7.28; τὰ ὄντα the world of things, Heraclit.7, Emp.129.5, etc.; ὄνοὐδενί, A.293 ̔αναπ.̓, ξφ. 989· φρεθ. ιν πλ., εἰσὶν οἵ, ̂ Lατ. συντ θυι, υσεδ εχαξτλψ λικε ἔνιοι, Tη.6.88, 7.44, Pλ.77δ, 503α, ετξ. ̔εἰσί τινες οἵ ..Tη.3.24̓; ἐστὶν ἃ χωρία, πολίσματα, Iδ.1.12,65; ἐστὶν ἃ εἰπεῖν Iδ.2.67; ἦσαν οἵ X.5.2.14; τηε σγ. Vερβ ις υσεδ εfεν ωιτη μασξ. ανδ φεμ. πλ., ἐστὶν οἵ, αἵ, Hπ.1, 4, X.2.3.16; μορε φρεθ. ιν οβλιθυε ξασες, ποταμῶν ἐστὶ ὧν Hδτ.7.187; ἐστὶν ἀφ' ὧν Tη.8.65; ἐστὶ παρ' οἷς, ἐστὶν ἐν οἷς, Iδ.1.23, 5.25· ιν θυεστιονς ὅστις ις υσεδ, ἔστιν ἥντινα δόξαν ..ἀπεκρίνατο; Pλ.85β· ωιτη ρελατ. Pαρτιξλες, ἐστὶν ἔνθα, ̂ Lατ. εστ υβι, X.7.4.15, ετξ.; ἐ. ὅπῃ, ἔσθ' ὅπου, σομεηοω, σομεωηερε, Pλ.331δ, A.517, S.448, ετξ.; ιν θυεστιονς εχπεξτινγ α νεγ. ανσωερ, ἐ. ὁπόθεν, ὅπως; Pλ. 35α, 493ε, ετξ.; οὐ γάρ ἐσθ' ὅπως Pι.61, ξφ. Hδτ.7.102, A. 620; οὐκ ἔ. ὅπως οὐ ιν ανψ ξασε, νεξεσσαριλψ, Aρ.188; οὐκ ἔ. ὡς Pλ. 76ε, ετξ.; ἐ. ὅτε, ἔσθ' ὅτε, σομετιμες, Pι.180.2, S.56, Tη. 7.21, ετξ.

V. ἦν ις στς. υσεδ ωιτη πλ. μασξ. ανδ φεμ., υσυ. ατ τηε βεγιννινγ οφ α σεντενξε, τηερε ωας, τῆς δ' ἦν τρεῖς κεφαλαί Hες. 321; ̔βυτ ιν ἦν δ' ἐρῳδιοί τε πολλοί Eπιξη.46, ξφ. 59, αλ., ιτ μαψ βε τακεν ας Dορ. 3πλ.̓; ἦν δ' ἀμφίπλεκτοι κλίμακες S.520 ̔λψρ.̓; ἦν ἄρα κἀκεῖνοι ταλακάρδιοι Eπιγρ. απ. Aεσξηιν.3.184; λεσς φρεθ. ἔστι, ἔστι δὲ μεταξὺ ..ἑπτὰ στάδιοι Hδτ.1.26, ξφ. 7.34; ἔστι ..ἄρχοντές τε καὶ δῆμος Pλ.463α; βεφορε δυαλ Nουνς, Aρ.58, Pλ.500δ.

VI. ἔστι ιμπερς., ξ. ινφ., ιτ ις ποσσιβλε, ἔστι γὰρ ἀμφοτέροισιν ὀνείδεα μυθήσασθαι Iλ.20.246; ἔστι μὲν εὕδειν, ἔστι δὲ τερπομένοισιν ἀκούειν Oδ. 15.392; εἴ τί πού ἐστι ̔σξ. πιθέσθαἰ 4.193; τοιάδε ..ἐστὶν ἀκοῦσαι A. 1055 ̔αναπ.̓; ἔστι τεκμήρια ὁρᾶν X.3.2.13, ξφ. Aρ.1163, Aεσξηιν.3.105, D.18.272, Aριστ.53.6, ετξ.; σο ιν ιμπερ., οπτ., ανδ συβh., ἔστω ἀποφέρεσθαι τῷ βουλομένῳ 12.10.7; μυρία ἂν εἴη λέγειν Pλ.271ε; ὅπως ἂν ᾖ δρᾶν 2.1054.91· μορε φρεθ. ιν νεγ. ξλαυσες, Iλ.6.267, ετξ.; φολλδ. βψ ὥστε ξ. ινφ., S.656· ξ. αξξ. ετ ινφ., ἁδόντα δ' εἴη με τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς ὁμιλεῖν Pι.2.96; ἔστιν ἐκπεσεῖν ἀρχῆς Δία A.757· στς. νοτ ιμπερς. ιν τηις σενσε, θάλασσα δ' οὐκέτ' ἦν ἰδεῖν Iδ.419.

β. ἔστω ιν αργυμεντ, λετ ιτ βε γραντεδ, ἔστω τοῦτο ἀληθὲς εἶναι D.H.25; ἔστω σοι τοῦθ' οὕτως Pλυ.2.987β; ἔστω εἶναί τινα τοιοῦτον D. Cηρ.74.24.

B. μοστ φρεθ., το βε, τηε Cοπυλα ξοννεξτινγ τηε πρεδιξατε ωιτη τηε Sυβhεξτ, βοτη βεινγ ιν τηε σαμε ξασε· ηενξε, σιγνιφψ, ιμπορτ, τὸ γὰρ εἴρειν λέγειν ἐστίν Pλ.398δ; εσπ. ιν τηε πηρασε τοῦτ' ἔστι, ηοξ εστ; Σκαιόλαν, ὅπερ ἐστὶ Λαϊόν Pλυ.17· ωιτη νυμεραλς, τὰ δὶς πέντε δέκα ἐστίν τωιξε φιfε αρε τεν, X.4.4.7; εἶναί τις ορ τι, to be somebody, something, be of some consequence, v. τις; οὐδὲν εἶναι Pl.562d, etc.

2. periphr. with the Participle to represent the finite Verb: with pf. part. once in Hom., τετληότες εἰμέν, for τετλήκαμεν, Il.5.873; so in Trag. and Att., ἦν τεθνηκώσ, for ἐτεθνήκει, A. 869; ἔσται δεδορκώσ ib.1179; εἰμὶ γεγώσ S.1299; πεφυκός ἐστι Ar.1473; δεδρακότες εἰσίν Th.3.68; κατακεκονότες ἔσεσθε X.7.6.36: with aor. part., once in Hom., βλήμενος ἦν Il.4.211; so προδείσας εἰμί, οὐ σιωπήσας ἔσει; S.90,1146, cf. A.460: with pres. part., ἦν προκείμενον Id.371; φεύγων Ὀρέστης ἐστίν Id.136; εἴην οὐκ ἂν εὖ φρονῶν S.1330; τί δ' ἐστί ..φέρον; Id.991, cf. 274,708; λέγων ἐστίν τισ E.1179; ἦν τίς σ' ὑβρίζων Id.313; πόρρω ἤδη εἶ πορευόμενοσ Pl.204b; βαδίζων εἰμί Ar. 36; freq. in Hdt., ἦσαν ἱέντεσ 1.57, al.; even εἰσὶ διάφοροι ἐόντεσ 3.49 (s.v.l.):—
if the Art. is joined with the Part., the noun is made emphatic, Κᾶρές εἰσι οἱ καταδέξαντεσ the persons who showed her were Carians, Id.1.171; αὐτὸς ἦν ὁ μαρτυρῶν A.798; δόλος ἦν ὁ φράσασ S.197 (anap.).

C. εἶναι is freq. modified in sense by the addition of Advbs., or the cases of Nouns without or with Preps.:

I. εἶναι with Advbs., where the Adv. often merely represents a Noun and stands as the predicate, ἅλις δέ οἱ ἦσαν ἄρουραι Il.14.122, etc.; ἀκέων, ἀκήν εἶναι, to be silent, 4.22, Od.2.82; σῖγα πᾶς ἔστω λεώσ E.532; διαγνῶναι χαλεπῶς ἦν ἄνδρα ἕκαστον Il.7.424; ἀσφαλέως ἡ κομιδὴ ἔσται will go on safely, Hdt.4.134; ἐγγύς, πόρρω εἶναι, Th.6.88, Pl.356e: freq. impers. with words implying good or ill fortune, Κουρήτεσσι κακῶς ἦν it fared ill with them, Il.9.551; εὖ γὰρ ἔσται E.89, cf. Ar.1188, etc.; ἡδέως ἂν αὐτοῖς εἴη D.59.30.

II. c. gen., to express descent or extraction, πατρὸς δ' εἴμ' ἀγαθοῖο Il.21.109; αἵματός εἰς ἀγαθοῖο Od. 4.611, cf. Hdt.3.71, Th.2.71, etc.; πόλεως μεγίστης εἶ X.7.3.19.

b. to express the material of which a thing is made, ἡ κρηπίς ἐστι λίθων μεγάλων consists of .., Hdt.1.93; τῆς πόλιος ἐούσης δύο φαρσέων ib.186; τοιούτων ἔργων ἐστὶ ἡ τυραννίσ is made up of .., Id.5.92.ή, etc.

c. to express the class to which a person or thing belongs, εἶ γὰρ τῶν φίλων you are one of them, Ar.345; ἐτύγχανε βουλῆς ὤν Th.3.70; ὅσοι ἦσαν τῶν προτέρων στρατιωτῶν Id.7.44; Κριτίας τῶν τριάκοντα ὤν X.1.2.31; ἔστι τῶν αἰσχρῶν it is in the class of disgraceful things, i. e. it is disgraceful, D.2.2.

d. to express that a thing belongs to another, Τροίαν Ἀχαιῶν οὖσαν A. 269; τὸ πεδίον ἦν μέν κοτε Χορασμίων Hdt.3.117, etc.: hence, to be of the party of, ἦσαν ..τινὲς μὲν φιλίππου, τινὲς δὲ τοῦ βελτίστου D.9.56, cf. 37.53; to be de pendent upon, S.737, etc.; to be at the mercy of, ἔστι τοῦ λέγοντος, ἢν φόβους λέγῃ Id.917.

e. to express one's duty, business, custom, nature, and the like , οὔτοι γυναικός ἐστι 'tis not a woman's part, A.940; τὸ ἐπιτιμᾶν παντὸς εἶναι D.1.16; τὸ δὲ ναυτικὸν τέχνης ἐστίν is matter of art, requires art, Th.1.142, cf.83.

f. in LXX, to be occupied about, ἦσαν τοῦ θύειν 30.17; ἔσεσθαι, c. gen., to be about to, ἐσόμεθα τοῦ σῶσαί σε 10.11.

III. with the dat., ἐστί μοι I have, freq. in Hom., etc.

2. with two dats., σφίσι τε καὶ Ἀθηναίοισι εἶναι οὐδὲν πρῆγμα that they and the Athenians have nothing to do one with another, Hdt.5.84; μηδὲν εἶναι σοὶ καὶ φιλίππῳ πρᾶγμα D.18.283; more shortly, σοί τε καὶ τούτοισι πρήγμασι τί ἐστι; Hdt.5.33; τί τῷ νόμῳ καὶ τῇ βασάνῳ; D.29.36; τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί; Lat. quid tecum est mihi? Ev.Marc.5.7, etc.; also ἐμοὶ οὐδὲν πρὸς τοὺς τοιούτουσ (sc. ἐστίν) Isoc.4.12; ἐν οἷς πρὸς τοὺς ἐναντίους ἐστὶ τῷ δήμῳ D.18.278; ἔσται αὐτῳ πρὸς τὸν θεόν, in tomb inscriptions, 18.113, etc.

3. with ἄσμενος, βουλόμενοσ, etc., added, ἐμοὶ δέ κεν ἀσμένῳ εἴη 'twould be to my delight, Il.14.108; οὐκ ἂν σφίσι βουλομένοις εἶναι Th.7.35; προσδεχομένῳ Id.6.46; θέλοντι S.1356 (lyr.); ἡδομένοισ Pl.187c.

IV. with Preps., εἶναι ἀπό τινος, = εἶναί τινοσ (supr. 11.a), X.1.6.9; εἰσὶν ἀπ' ἐναντίων αὗται πραγμάτων Pl.12d; but εἶναι ἀπ' οἴκου to be away from .., Th.1.99.

2. εἶναι ἔκ τινοσ to be sprung from, εἴμ' ἐκ Παιονίης, Μυρμιδόνων ἔξ εἰμι, Il.21.154, 24.397, etc.; ἔστιν ἐξ ἀνάγκησ it is of necessity, i. e. necessary, Pl.256d.

3. εἶναι ἐν ..to be in a certain state, ἐν εὐπαθείῃσι Hdt.1.22; ἐν ἀθυμία, etc., Th.6.46, etc.; ἐν ταραχαῖσ D.18.218; εἶναι ἐν ἀξιώματι to be in esteem, Th.1.130; οἱ ἐν τέλεϊ ἐόντεσ those in office, Hdt.3.18, etc.; but εἶναι ἐν τέχνῃ, ἐν φιλοσοφία to be engaged in .., S.562, Pl.59a.

b. ἐν σοί ἐστι it depends on thee, Hdt.6.109, S.963; ἐν σοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν Id.314; so also ἐπί τινι Id.1003, X.1.6.2, etc.

4. εἶναι διά .., much like εἶναι ἐν .., εἶναι διὰ φόβου, = φοβεῖσθαι, Th.6.34; εἶναι δι' ὄχλου, = ὀχληρὸν εἶναι, Id.1.73; εἶναι διὰ μόχθων X.1.6.25; εἶναι δι' αἰτίας, = αἰτιᾶσθαι, D.H.1.70; Geom., pass through, διὰ τᾶς ἑτέρας διαμέτρου ἐόντος τοῦ ἐπιπέδου Archim.20.

5. εἶναι ἐφ' ἑαυτῆσ to be by oneself, D.25.23; εἶναι ἐπὶ ὀνόματοσ to bear a name, Id.39.21; εἶναι ἐπὶ τοῖς πράγμασιν to be engaged in .., Id.2.12; εἶναι ἐπί τινα to be against him, Id.6.33; εἶναι ἐφ' ἑξήκοντα στάδια to reach sixty stadia, X.4.6.11; εἶναι ἐπὶ τὰς ἁφάσ pass through the points of contact, Apollon. Perg.4.1; εἶναι ἐπί τινι, v. supr. 3 b.

6. εἶναι πρός τινοσ to be in one's favour, Th.4.10,29, etc.; to suit, X. 1.2.11, etc.; εἶναι πρός τινι engaged in, Pl.84c, Philostr.5.31; πρὸς τοῖς ἰδίοισ mind one's own affairs, Arist.1309a6, 16.3; εἶναι πρὸς τὸ κωλύειν Plb.1.26.3; πρὸς τὸ πονεῖν Telesp.46 H.; εἶναι περί τι X.3.5.7, etc.

7. εἶναι παρά τινι or τινα, = παρειναι, Id.6.2.15, Hdt.8.140.ά (s.v.l.).

8. εἶναι ὑπό τινα or τινι to be subject to .., X.5.2.17 (s.v.l.), 6.2.4.

9. περὶ τούτων ἐστίν that is the question, Men.30.

10. εἶναι ἀπό .., in Geom., to be constructed upon, Archim.2.9, 7.

D. ἐστί is very freq. omitted, mostly in the pres. ind. before certain predicates, as ἀνάγκη, ἄξιον, δυνατόν, εἰκός, ἕτοιμον, οἷόν τε, ῥᾴδιον, χρεών, etc., and after the neut. of Verbals in -τέοσ, and such forms as θαυμαστὸν ὅσον: less freq. with other persons and moods, εἰμί omitted, S.92, 813; εἶ, Od.4.206; ἐσμέν, S.634; ἐστέ, Od.10.463; εἰσί, S.499 (lyr.), 2.778 ; subj. ᾖ, Il.14.376, E.659, Antipho 5.32; opt. εἴη, 22.1183.12; impf. ἦν, ib.2.778 ; fut. ἔσονται, Od.14.394.

E. the Inf. freq. seems redundant,

1. in phrases implying power or will to do a thing, ἑκὼν εἶναι (v. ἑκών) κατὰ δύναμιν εἶναι Is.2.32; εἰς δύναμιν εἶναι Pl.300c; τὸ ἐπ' ἐκείνοις εἶναι, quantum in illis esset, Th.8.48, X.3.5.9, cf. Lys.13.58; τὸ ἐπὶ σφᾶς εἶναι Th.4.28; τὸ κατὰ τοῦτον εἶναι X.1.6.9; κατὰ τοῦτο εἶναι Pl. 317a; τὸ τήμερον, τὸ νῦν εἶναι, Id.396e, 201c, Theopomp. Com.98, Decr. ap. Arist.31.2, etc.

2. after Verbs of naming or choosing, σοφιστὴν ὀνομάζουσι τὸν ἄνδρα εἶναι Pl.311e; σύμμαχόν μιν εἵλοντο εἶναι Hdt.8.134; of giving, δῶκε ξεινήϊον εἶναι Il. 11.20.

F. impf. ἦνissts. used where other languages take the pres.,

1. after ἄρα, to express a fact which is and has always been the same, δέρμα δὲ ἀνθρώπου ..ἦν ἄρα σχεδὸν δερμάτων πάντων λαμπρότατον human skin then it appears is .., Hdt.4.64; Κύπρις οὐκ ἄρ' ἦν θεόσ E. 359; ὡς ἄρ' ἦσθ' ἐμὸς πατὴρ ὀρθῶσ ib.1169; ἦ πολύμοχθον ἄρ' ἦν γένος ..ἁμερίων Id.1330; ἦ στωμύλος ἦσθα Theoc.5.79; so also when there is reference to a past thought, τουτὶ τί ἦν; what is this? Ar.157, cf. Pl.387c: so in the Aristotelian formula τὸ τί ἦν εἶναι (82b38, al.), used to express the essential nature of a thing, where τί ἦν (for ἐστί) takes the place of the dat. in such phrases as τὸ ἀγαθῷ εἶναι, τὸ μεγέθει εἶναι, 67b12, 429b10.

G. ἐγώ εἰμι, in LXX, pleonastic for ἐγώ, ἐγώ εἰμι οὐχ ἥμαρτον 11.27, cf. 6.18; also ἔσται πᾶς ἀποκτενεῖ με 4.14.

I. OF PLACE, the oldest and commonest usage, εἰς ἅλα into or to the sea, Il.1.141, al.; εἰς ἅλαδε Od.10.351; ἔς ῥ' ἀσαμίνθουσ 4.48; ἐς οἶνον βάλε φάρμακον ib.220; freq. of places, to, εἰς Εὔβοιαν 3.174; ἐς Αἴγυπτον, etc., Hdt.1.5, etc.; ἐς Μίλητον into the territory of Miletus, ib.14; εἰς Ἑλλήσποντον εἰσέπλει X.1.1.2; ἀφίκετο εἰς Μήδους πρὸς Κυαξάρην Id.2.1.2; εἰς ἅρματα βαίνειν to step into .., Il.8.115; εἰς ἐλάτην ἀναβῆναι 14.287; opp. ἐκ, in such phrases as ἐς σφυρὸν ἐκ πτέρνης, ἐς πόδας ἐκ κεφαλῆσ, from heel to ankle-joint, from head to foot, 22.397, 23.169; ἐκ πάτου ἐς σκοπιήν 20.137; ἐς μυχὸν ἐξ οὐδοῦ Od.7.87; κἠς ἔτος ἐξ ἔτεοσ from year to year, Theoc. 18.15: with Verbs implying motion or direction, as of looking, ἰδεῖν εἰς οὐρανόν Il.3.364; εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι to look in the face, 9.373, etc.; εἰς ὦπα ἔοικεν he is like in face (sc. ἰδόντι), 3.158, etc.; ἐς ὀφθαλμούς τινος ἐλθεῖν to come before another's eyes, 24.204; ἐς ὄψιν ἀπικνέεσθαί τινοσ Hdt.1.136; καλέσαι τινὰ ἐς ὄψιν Id.5.106, etc.; ἐς ταὐτὸν ἥκειν come to the same point, E.273: less freq. after a Subst., ὁδὸς ἐς λαύρην Od.22.128; τὸ ἐς Παλλήνην τεῖχοσ facing Pallene, Th.1.56; ξύνοδος ἐς τὴν Δῆλον Id.3.104, cf.Pl.173d.

b. Ep. and Ion., also c. acc. pers. (Att. ὡς, πρός, παρά), Il.7.312, 15.402, Od.14.127, Hdt.4.147; also in Att. with collective Nouns, ἐς τὸν δῆμον παρελθόντεσ Th. 5.45, or plurals, εἰς ὑμᾶς εἰσῆλθον D.18.103; esp. of consulting an oracle, ἐς θεὸν ἐλθεῖν Pi.7.31; εἰς Ἄμμων' ἐλθόντεσ Ar.619.

2. with Verbs expressing restin a place, when a previous motion into or to it is implied, ἐς μέγαρον κατέθηκεν ἐπὶ θρόνου he put it in the house (i.e. he brought it into the house, and put it there), Od.20.96; ἐς θρόνους ἕζοντο they sat them down upon the seats, 4.51, cf. 1.130; ἐφάνη λὶς εἰς ὁδόν the lion appeared in the path, Il.15.276; ἀπόστολος ἐς τὴν Μίλητον ἦν Hdt.1.21 (s. v.l.); αὐτὸς ἐς Αακεδαίμονα ἀπόστολος ἐγίνετο Id.5.38; ἐς κώμην παραγίνονται Id.1.185; παρῆν ἐς Σάρδισ Id.6.1; ἐς δόμους μένειν S.80 (cod. Laur.); ἐς τὴν νῆσον κατέκλῃσε Th.1.109, cf. Hdt.3.13; ἀπόβασιν ποιήσασθαι ἐσ ..Th.2.33, etc.; later used like ἐν, τὴν γῆν εἰς ἣν ὑμεῖς κατοικεῖτε LXX 35.34; τὸ χρυσίον ὃ εἰλήφεσαν εἰς Ῥώμην D.S.14.117; οἰκεῖν εἰς τὰ Ὕπατα Luc.1; εἰς Ἐκβάτανα ἀποθανεῖν Ael.7.8; εἰς ἅπασαν τὴν γῆν Suid. s.v. Καλλίμαχοσ: generally, τοὔνομα εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα, φασίν, Ἱππομιγὴς δύναται Ael.9.16.

3. with Verbs of saying or speaking, εἰσ relates to the persons to or before whom one speaks, εἰπεῖν ἐς πάντας, ἐς πάντας αὔδα, Hdt.8.26, S.93; λέγειν εἰς τὸ μέσον τῶν ταξιάρχων X. 3.3.7; αἱ ἐς τὸ φανερὸν λεγόμεναι αἰτίαι Th.1.23: with other Verbs, εἰς τοὺς Ἕλληνας σαυτὸν σοφιστὴν παρέχων Pl.312a; καλὸν ἐς τοὺς Ἕλληνας τὸ ἀγώνισμα φανεῖσθαι Th.7.56; ἐπαχθὴς ν ἐς τοὺς τολλούσ Id.6.54; στρατιὰν ἐπαγγέλλων ἐς τοὺς ξυμμάχουσ Id.7.17; διαβεβλῆσθαι εἴς τινα Pl.539c.

4. elliptical usages,

a. after Verbs which have no sense of motion to or into a place, τὴν πόλιν ἐξέλιπον εἰς χωρίον ὀχυρόν they quitted the city for a strong position, i.e. to seek a strong position, X.1.2.24; γράμματα ἑάλωσαν εἰς Ἀθήνασ letters were captured [and sent] to Athens, Id.1.1.23, cf. Pl. 468a; ἀνίστασθαι ἐς Ἄργοσ E.59, cf. Pl.116a.

b. participles signifying motion are freq. omitted with εἰς, τοῖς στρατηγοῖς τοῖς εἰς Σικελίαν (sc. ἀποδειχθεῖσιν) And.1.11, etc.

c. c. gen., mostly of proper names, as εἰς Ἀί̈δαο, Att. εἰς Ἅιδου [δόμουσ], Il.21.48; ἐς Ἀθηναίης [ἱερόν] to the temple of Athena, 6.379; ἐς Πριάμοιο [οἶκον] 24.160, cf. 309; εἰς Αἰγύπτοιο [ῥόον] Od.4.581; ἐς τοῦ Κλεομένεοσ Hdt.5.51; εἰς Ἀσκληπιοῦ Ar.411; ἐπὶ δεῖπνον [ἰέναι] εἰς Ἀγάθωνοσ Pl. 174a: with Appellatives, ἀνδρὸς ἐς ἀφνειοῦ to a rich man's house, Il.24.482; ἐς πατρόσ Od.2.195; πέμπειν εἰς διδασκάλων send to school, X.2.1; εἰς δ. φοιτᾶν Pl.326c; ἐς σεωυτοῦ, ἑωυτοῦ, Hdt.1.108, 9.108, etc.

II. OF TIME,

1. to denote a certain point or limit of time, up to, until, ἐς ἠῶ Od.11.375; ἐς ἠέλιον καταδύντα till sunset, 9.161 (but also, towards or near sunset, 3.138); ἐκ νεότητος ἐς γῆρασ Il.14.86; ἐκ παιδὸς ἐς γῆρασ Aeschin.1.180; ἐς ἐμέ up to my time, Hdt.1.92, al.: with Advbs., εἰς ὅτε (cf. ἔς τε) against the time when .., Od.2.99; εἰς πότε; until when ? how long ? S.1185 (lyr., cf. εἰσόκἐ; εἰς ὁπότε Aeschin.3.99; ἐς τί; = εἰς πότε; Il.5.465; ἐς ὅ until, Hdt.1.93, etc.; ἐς οὗ Id.1.67, 3.31, etc.; ἐς τόδε Id.7.29, etc.

2. to determine a period, εἰς ἐνιαυτόν for a year, i.e. a whole year, Il.19.32, Od.4.526; within the year, ib.86 (cf. ἐς ἐνίαυτον Alc.8.12); εἰς ὥρασ Od.9.135; ἐς θέρος ἢ ἐς ὀπώρην for the summer, i.e. throughout it, 14.384; ἡ εἰς ἐνιαυτὸν κειμένη δαπάνη εἰς τὸν μῆνα δαπανᾶται the expenditure for a year is expended in the month, X.7.36; μισθοδοτεῖν τινὰς εἰς ἓξ μῆνασ D.S.19.15; χοίνικα κριθῶν εἰς τέσσαρας ἡμέρας διεμέτρει Posidon. 36J.; εἰς ἑσπέραν ἥκειν to come at even, Ar.998; εἰς τρίτην ἡμέραν or εἰς τρίτην alone, on the third day, in two days, Pl.286b, X.5.3.27; ἥκειν ἐς τὴν ὑστεραίαν Id.2.3.25; ἥκειν εἰς τὸ ἔαρ 17.4; ἐς τέλοσ at last, Hdt.3.40; ἐς καιρόν in season, Id.4.139; οὐκ ἐς ἀναβολάς, ἀμβολάσ, with no delay, Id.8.21, E.270, etc.; ἐς τότε at this time, v.l. in Od.7.317 (but εἰς τότε at that time (in the fut.), D.14.24, Pl.830b); ἐς ὕστερον or τὸ ὕστερον, Od.12.126, Th.2.20: with Advbs., ἐς αὔριον Il.8.538, Pl. 858b; ἔς περ ὀπίσσω Od.20.199; ἐς αὖθισ Th.4.63 (v. εἰσαῦθισ(; ἐς αὐτίκα μάλ' Ar. 367; εἰς ἔπειτα (v. εἰσέπειτα(; ἐς τὸ ἔ., Th.2.64; ἐς ὀψέ Id.8.23; εἰς ἅπαξ, v. εἰσάπαξ; εἰς ἔτι, v. εἰσέτι.

III. to express MEASURE OR LIMIT, without reference to Time, ἐς δίσκουρα λέλειπτο was left behind as far as a quoit's throw, Il.23.523; ἐς δραχμὴν διέδωκε paid them as much as a drachma, Th.8.29; ἱματισμὸν ζητῆσαι εἰς δύο τάλαντα Thphr.23.8; so ἐς τὰ μάλιστα to the greatest degree, Hdt.1.20, etc.; ἐς τοσοῦτο τύχης ἀπίκευ Id.1.124; εἰς τοσοῦτο ἥκειν Lys.27.10; εἰς τοῦτο θράσους καὶ ἀναιδείας ἀφίκετο D.21.194; ἐς ὅ ἐμέμνηντο so far as they remembered, Th.5.66; ἐς τὸ ἔσχατον Hdt.7.229, etc.; εἰς ἅλισ Theoc.25.17.

2. freq. with Numerals, ἐς τριακάδας δέκα ναῶν A.339; ναῦς ἐς τὰς τετρακοσίας, διακοσίασ, to the number of 400, etc., Th.1.74, 100, etc.; εἰς ἕνα, εἰς δύο, εἰς τέσσαρασ, one, two, four deep, X.2.3.21; but εἰς τέσσαρασ four abreast, Aen.Tact.40.6: with Advbs., ἐς τρίσ or ἐστρίσ thrice, Pi.2.68, Hdt.1.86; of round numbers, about, X.1.1.10.

3. distributive, εἰς φυλάσ by tribes, LXX 10.21, cf. 18.

4.

IV. to express RELATION, towards, in regard to, ἐξαμαρτεῖν εἰς θεούσ A.945, etc.; ἁμάρτημα εἴς τινα, αἰτίαι ἐς ἀλλήλουσ, Isoc.8.96, Th.1.66; ὄνειδος ὀνειδίζειν εἴς τινα S.522; ἔχθρη ἔστινα Hdt.6.65; φιλία ἐς ἀμφοτέρουσ Th.2.9; λέγειν ἐσ ..Hdt.1.86; γνώμη ἀποδεχθεῖσα ἐς τὴν γέφυραν Id.4.98; ἡ ἐς γῆν καὶ θάλασσαν ἀρχή Th.8.46.

b. of the subject of a work, esp. in titles, e.g. τὰ ἐς Ἀπολλώνιον Philostr. ; of the object of a dedication, as in titles of hymns, ἐπινίκια, etc.

2. in regard to, πρῶτος εἰς εὐψυχίαν A.326; σκώπτειν ἐς τὰ ῥάκια Ar.740, cf. 90; διαβάλλειν τινὰ ἔς τι Th.8.88; αἰτία ἐπιφερομένη ἐς μαλακίαν Id.5.75; μέμφεσθαι εἰς φιλίαν X.2.6.30; εἰς τὰ πολεμικὰ καταφρονεῖσθαι Id.7.4.30; πόλεως εὐδοκιμωτάτης εἰς σοφίαν Pl.29d; in respect of, εὐτυχεῖν ἐς τέκνα E.542, cf. Pl.35b, etc.; εἰς χρήματα ζημιοῦσθαι Id.774b, cf. D.22.55; ἐς τὰ ἄλλα Th.I.I; εἰς ἄπαντα S.489; ἐς τὰ πάνθ' ὁμῶσ A.736; εἰς μὲν ταῦτα Pl.210a; τό γ' εἰς ἑαυτόν, τὸ εἰς ἐμέ, S.706, E. 691, cf. S.346; ἐς ὀλίγους μᾶλλον τὰς ἀρχὰς ποιεῖν Th.8.53; ἐς πλείονας οἰκεῖν Id.2.37; for τελεῖν ἐς Ἕλληνας, Βοιωτούς, ἄνδρας, etc., v. τελέω.

3. of Manner, ἐς τὸν νῦν τρόπον Id.1.6; τίθεμεν τἆλλα εἰς τὸν αὐτὸν λόγον; Pl.353d; ἐς ἓν μέλοσ Theoc.18.7: freq. periphr. for Advbs., ἐς κοινὸν φράζειν, λέγειν, A.844, 408; ἐς τὸ πᾶν, = πάντωσ, Id.682(lyr.); ἐς τάχος, = ταχέωσ, Ar.686; ἐς εὐτέλειαν, = εὐτελῶσ, Id.805; ἐς τἀρχαῖον Id.593; εἰς καλόν S. 78, cf. Pl.76e; ἐς δέον γεγονέναι Hdt.1.119, cf. S.1416, and v. δέον.

V. ofan end or limit, ἔρχεσθαι, τελευτᾶν, λήγειν ἐσ.., to end in.., Hdt.1.120,3.125,4.39, etc.; ἐς ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτεα ου,̂ρον ἀνθρώπῳ προτίθημι Id.1.32; καταξαίνειν ἐς φοινικίδα to cut into red rags, Ar.320 (troch.); στρέφειν τι εἰς αἷμα 11.6; εἰς ἄνδρας ἐκ μειρακίων τελευτᾶν, εἰς ἄνδρα γενειᾶν, Pl.173b, Theoc.14.28; ἐκτρέφειν τὸ σπέρμα εἰς καρπόν X.17.10: so with εἶναι or γίγνομαι to form a predicate, ἔσται εἰς ἔθνη LXX17.16; ἐγενήθη εἰς γυναῖκα ib.20.12; πιστὸσ (sc.ἦν) εἰς προφήτην ib.I3.20; ἐγένετο εἰς δένδρον 13.19,al.

2. of Purpose or Object, εἰπεῖν εἰς ἀγαθόν, πείσεται εἰς ἀγαθόν, for good, for his good, Il.9.102,11.789; εἰς ἀγαθὰ μυθεῖσθαι 23.305; ἐς πόλεμον θωρήξομαι 8.376, cf. Hdt.7.29, etc.; ἐς φόβον to cause fear, Il.15.310; ἐς ὑποδήματα δεδόσθαι Hdt.2.98; κόσμος ὁ εἰς ἑορτάσ X.9.6; ἐπιτηδεότατος, εὐπρεπής, ἔς τι Hdt.1.115,2.116; εἰς κάλλος ζῆν to live for show, X.8.1.33, cf. 9.1; ἐς δαίτην ἐκάλεσσε Call.1.1.5; εἰς κέρδος τι δρᾶν S.III; πάσας φωνὰς ἱέντων εἰς ἀπόφυξιν Ar.562; εἰς γράμματα παιδὶ δεκετεῖ ἐνιαυτοὶ τρεῖσ Pl.809e; εἰς τὸ πρᾶγμα εἶναι to be pertinent, to the purpose, D.36.54; freq. of expenditure on an object, 22.102.11, 116.41, al.; ἐς τὸ δέον Ar.859, etc.; ἐς δᾷδα ib.612.

B. POSITION: εἰσ is sts. parted from its acc. by several words, εἰς ἀμφοτέρω Διομήδεος ἅρματα βήτην Il.8.115; εἰς δὲ μονάρχου δῆμος ἀϊδρίῃ δουλοσύνην ἔπεσεν Sol.9: seldom (only in Poets) put after its case, Il.15.59, Od.3.137,15.541, S.126(lyr.): after an Adv., αὔριον ἔς· τῆμος δὲ.. Od.7.318.

A. WITH DAT.

I. OF PLACE,

1. in, νήσῳ ἐν ἀμφιρύτῃ Od.1.50; ἐν δώμασ' ἐμοῖσιν Il.6.221; ἐνὶ προθύροισιν 11.777; κοίλῃσ' ἐνὶ νηυσί Od.2.27; with names of cities or islands, as ἐν Ἀθήνῃς, ἐν Τροίῃ, Il.2.549, 162; ἡ ἐν Κερκύρᾳ ναυμαχία Th.1.57; ἡ ἐν Σαλαμῖνι μάχη Isoc.5.147 (but in Att. the Prep.is sts.omitted, as with Ἐλευσῖνι, Μαραθῶνι; where ἐν is used, it = in the district of .., ὲν Ἐλευσῖνι 22.1028.11, ἐμ Μαραθῶνι ib.1243.21): ἐν χερσὶν ἐμῇσι in my arms, Il.22.426; ἐνὶ θυμῷ Od.16.331, etc.; ἐν αὑτῷ εἶναι to be in one's senses, be oneself, ἔτ' ἐν σαυτῷ (v.l. -τοῦ) γενοῦ S.950; also ἐν αὑτοῦ, cf. signf. 2.

b. ἐν τοῖς ἰχθύσιν in the fish-market, Antiph.125; ἐν τῷ μύρῳ Ar.1375; so ἐν τοῖν δυοῖν ὀβολοῖν ἐθεώρουν ἄν in the two-obol seats, D.18.28.

2. elliptic, in such phrases as ἐν Ἀλκινόοιο Od.7.132, cf.2.21, etc.; εἰν Ἀί̈δαο Il.22.389, Att. ἐν Ἅιδου (v. Ἅιδησ): later ἐν τοῖς τινόσ 38.1 (iii B. C.), 2.49; ἐν ἡμετέρου Hdt.1.35, 7.8.δ'; ἐμ Πανδίονοσ 22.1138.8; ἐν Δημοτιωνιδῶν ib.2.841b21; ἐν τῶν πόλεων ib. 12.56.14: mostly with pr.n., but sts. with Appellatives, as, ἐν ἀφνειοῦ πατρόσ Il.6.47; ἐν ἀνδρὸς εὐσεβεστάτου E.926; ἐν παιδοτρίβου, ἐν κιθαριστοῦ, at the school of .., Ar.973, Pl.206a; ἐν γειτόνων (v. γείτων) ἐν αὑτοῦ (αὑτῷ cod. Rav.) Ar.642, cf. Men.125; οὐκέτ' ἐν ἐμαυτοῦ ἦν Pl.155d; ἐν ὑμῶν αὐτῶν γένεσθε Lib. 35.15.

3. in, within, surrounded by, οὐρανὸς ἐν αἰθέρι καὶ νεφέλῃσι Il.15.192; after Hom., of clothing, armour, etc., ἐν ἐσθῆτι Hdt.2.159; ἐν πεπλώματι S.613; ἐν ἔντεσι Pi.4.24; ἐν ὅπλοισι in or under arms, Hdt.1.13, etc.; also of particular kinds of arms, ἐν τόξοις, ἀκοντίοισ, etc., equipped with them, dub.in X.3.9.2; ἐν μαχαίρῃ 16.14 (ii B. C.); ἐν μεγάλοις φορτίοις βαδίζειν καὶ τρέχειν X. 2.3.14; ἐν βαθεῖ πώγωνι Luc.5.

4. on, at or by, ἐν ποταμῷ Il. 18.521, Od.5.466; ἐν ὄρεσσιν 19.205; οὔρεος ἐν κορυφῇσ Il.2.456; ἐν θρόνοισ Od.8.422; νευρὴ ἐν τόξῳ the string on the bow, Il.15.463; ἐν [ξίφει] ἧλοι 11.29; κατεκλάσθη ἐνὶ καυλῷ ἔγχοσ was broken off at or by the shaft, 13.608; ἐν πέτροισι πέτρον ἐκτρίβων S.296; ἐν οἴνῳ at wine, prob. in Call.23, Luc.15.

5. in the number of, amongst, freq.in Hom., ἐν Δαναοῖσι, προμάχοισι, μέσσοισιν, νεκύεσσι, Il.1.109, 3.31, 7.384, Od. 12.383, al.; οἴη ἐν ἀθανάτοισιν Il. 1.398; and with Verbs of ruling, ἐν δ' ἄρα τοῖσιν ἦρχ' 13.689; ἀνδράσιν ἐν πολλοῖσι ..ἀνάσσων Od.19.110; φῦλον ἐν ἀνθρώποισι ματαιότατον Pi.3.21; ἐν τοῖς οἰκείοισιν ἀνὴρ χρηστόσ S.661; ἐν γυναιξὶν ἄλκιμοσ E.754:—
for ἐν τοῖσ c. Sup., V. ὁ.

b. in the presence of, ἐν πᾶσι Od.2.194; πτωχὸς ὢν ἐν ἐσθλοῖσιν λέγειν E. 703; λέγοντες ἐν τῷ δήμῳ Pl.565b; μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσι Th.2.36; ἔλεγον ἐν τοῖς τριάκοντα Lys.12.6; ἐν τοῖς ὄχλοις εἰπεῖν Isoc.3.21; λέγειν ἐν ἀνδράσιν (of a woman) Lys.32.11; of a trial, διαγωνίζεσθαι, διαδικάζεσθαι ἔν τισι, Pl.464d, 916b; προὐκαλούμην ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς δικασταῖσ Antipho6.23.

6. in one's hands, within one's reach or power, νίκης πείρατ' ἔχονται ἐν ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι Il.7.102; δύναμις γὰρ ἐν ὑμῖν Od.10.69 (comp. the Homeric phrases θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται Il.17.514; ἐν γὰρ χερσὶ τέλος πολέμου 16.630); freq. in Hdt. and Att., ἔστιν ἔν τινι, c. inf., it depends on him to .., rests with him to .., ἔστιν ἐν σοὶ ἢ ..ἤ .. Hdt.6.109, cf. 3.85, etc.; ταῦτα δ' ἐν τῷ δαίμονι καὶ τῇδε φῦναι χἁτέρᾳ S.1443; ἐν σοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν Id.314; ἐν σοὶ δ' ἐσμὲν καὶ ζῆν καὶ μή E.278; ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶ τῶν Ἑλλήνων τὰ πράγματα ἐγένετο Th.1.74; ἐν τῷ θεῷ τὸ τέλος ἦν, οὐκ ἐμοί D.18.193; also ἐν τούτῳ εἰσὶν πᾶσαι αἱ ἀποδείξεισ depend on this, Pl.354e; ἐν τούτῳ λύεται ἡ ἀπορία ἢ ἄλλοθι οὐδαμοῦ ib.321e; ἔν γ' ἐμοί so far as rests with me, S.153 (lyr.); ἐν δὲ σοὶ λελείψομαι E.324; also ἐν ἐμοί in my judgement, S.1214 (lyr.); ἐν θεοῖς καλά in the eyes of the gods, Id.925.

7. in respect of, ἐν πάντεσσ' ἔργοισι δαήμονα φῶτα Il.23.671; ἐν γήρᾳ σύμμετρός τινι in point of age .., S. 1112; ἐν ἐμοὶ θρασύσ in my case, towards me, Id.1315; ἐν θανοῦσιν ὑβριστήσ ib.1092; ἡ ἐν τοῖς ὅπλοις μάθησισ Pl.190d; also οὐδὲν δεινὸν μὴ ἐν ἐμοὶ στῇ stop with me, Id.28b.

8. in a pregnant construction with Verbs of motion, into; implying both motion to and subsequent position in a place, ἐν κονίῃσι χαμαὶ πέσεν fell [to the dust and lay] in it, Il.4.482, etc.; βάλον ἐν κονίῃσι 5.588; νηὶ̈ δ' ἐνὶ πρύμνῃ ἔναρα θῆκ' 10.570; ἐν χερσὶ τιθέναι 1.441, etc.; ἐν χερσὶ βαλεῖν 5.574; ἐν στήθεσσι μένος βαλεῖν ib.513; ἐν Τρωσὶν ὄρουσαν 16.258; ἐν χερσὶ πεσέειν 6.81; λέων ἐν βουσὶ θορών 5.161; ἐν δ' οἶνον ἔχευεν ἐν δέπαϊ χρυσέῳ Od.20.261; ἐν τεύχεσσιν ἔδυνον Il.23.131: in Trag. and Att., ἐν ποίμναις πίτνων S.184 (lyr.), cf. 374 (lyr.); ἐν χωρίῳ ἐμπεπτωκώσ Th.7.87; ἡ ἐν τῷ Σπειραίῳ τῶν νεῶν καταφυγή Id.8.11; ἐν τόπῳ καταπεφευγέναι Pl.260c; ἐν ᾅδου διαπορευθείσ Id.905b; ῥιπτοῦντες σφᾶς ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ Arr.1.19.4; later, with Verbs of coming and going, διαβάντες ἐν τῇ Σάμῳ Paus.7.4.3, cf. LXX 5.5, Arr.1.11.32, etc.: τὸν ἐν Σικελίᾳ πλοῦν is f.l. in Lys. 19.43 codd.

9. πίνειν ἐν ποτηρίῳ to drink from a cup, Luc. 6.2; ἐν ἀργύρῳ πίνειν Id.26; ἐν μικροῖσ D.L.1.104.

10. ἄργυρος ἐν ἐκπώμασι silver in the form of plate, Plu.2.260a; ἐμ φέρνῃ, ἐν θέματι, as a dowry, pledge, 1p.37, 120.125 (i B. C.).

11. in citations, ἐν τοῦ σκήπτρου τῇ παραδόσει in the passage of the Il. describing this, Th.1.9, cf. Pl.147c, 33b.

II. OF STATE, CONDITION or POSITION:

1. of outward circumstances, ἐν πολέμῳ Od.10.553; ἐν δαιτί Il.4.259; ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ 9.378; ἐν μοίρῃ Od.22.54; οὑμὸς ἐν φάει βίοσ E.1281; ἐν γένει εἶναί τινι to be related to .., S.1016; of occupations, pursuits, ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ εἶναι to be engaged in philosophy, Pl.59a, cf. 489b; οἱ ἐν ποιήσι γενόμενοι poets, Hdt.2.82; οἱ ἐν τοῖς πράγμασι ministers of state, Th.3.28; οἱ ἐν τέλει the magistrates, Id.7.73, etc.; τοὺς ἐν ταῖς μοναρχίαις ὄντασ Isoc.2.5; ὁ ἐν ταῖς προσόδοισ 1p.62; ὁ μάντις ἦν ἐν τῇ τέχνῃ in the practice of it, S.562.

2. of inward states, of feeling, etc., ἐν φιλότητι, ἐν δοιῇ, Il.7.302,9.230; ἐν φόβῳ γενέσθαι Pl.578e; οὐκ ἐν αἰσχύνῃ τὰ σά E.1276; ἐν σιωπῇ τἀμά Id. 1397; ἐν ὀργῇ ἔχειν τινά to make him the object of one's anger, Th.2.21; ἐν ἔριδι εἶναι ibid.; ἐν αἰτίᾳ σχεῖν τινά to blame him, Hdt.5.106; ἐν αἰτίᾳ βαλεῖν S.656 (lyr.); ἐν αἰτίᾳ εἶναι to have the blame, X. 2.8.9, etc.; οἱ ἐν ταῖς αἰτίαισ D.2.14.

3. freq. with neut. Adj., ἐν βραχεῖ, = βραχέωσ, S.673; ἐν τάχει, = ταχέωσ, Id.765, etc.; ἐν καλῷ ἐστί, = καλῶς ἔχει, E.971; ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ [ἐστί] Id. 762; ἐν εὐμαρεῖ [ἐστί] Id.1227; ἐν ἐλαφρῷ ποιήσασθαι Hdt.3.154; ἐν ἴσῳ, = ἴσως, ἐν ὁμοίῳ, = ὁμοίωσ, Th.2.53: less freq. in pl., ἐν ἀργοῖς, = ἀργῶσ, S.287; ἐν κενοῖς, = κενῶσ, Id.971: with a Subst., ἐν δίκᾳ, = δικαίωσ, opp. παρὰ δίκαν, Pi.2.16, cf. S.1069, Ar.258, Pl.475c, al.; ἦσαν οὐκέτι ὁμοίως ἐν ἡδονῇ ἄρχοντεσ Th.1.99, cf. Pl. 977b.

III. OF THE INSTRUMENT, MEANS or MANNER, ἐν πυρὶ πρήσαντεσ Il.7.429; δῆσαι ἐνὶ δεσμῷ 5.386, cf. Od.12.54, etc.; but in most cases the orig. sense may be traced, to put in the fire and burn, infetters and bind, etc.; so ἐν πόνοις δαμέντα A.425 (lyr.); ἔζευξα πρῶτος ἐν ζυγοῖσι κνώδαλα ib.462; ἔργον ἐν κύβοις Ἄρης κρινεῖ Id.414; also ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν or ἐν ὄμμασιν ὁρᾶσθαι, ἰδέσθαι, to see with or before one's eyes, i.e. have the object in one's eye, Il.3.306, Od.10.385, etc.; ἔν τε τῇ ὄψει διαγιγνώσκειν καὶ ἐν τῇ ἀκοῇ Pl.206a; also ἐν ὠσὶ νωμῶν ὄρνιθασ A.25; also ἐν λιταῖσ by prayers, S.60; ἐν δόλῳ by deceit, ib.102; ἐν λόγοισ by words, A.613 (lyr.); ἀπέκτειναν ἐν τῇ προφάσει ταύτῃ Lys.13.12, cf. Antipho 5.59; ψαύειν ἐν κερτομίοις γλώσσαισ S.961 (lyr.); ἐν τοῖς ὁμοίοις νόμοις ποιήσαντες τὰς κρίσεισ Th.1.77; esp. with Verbs of showing, σημαίνειν ἐν ἱεροῖς καὶ οἰωνοῖσ X.8.7.3; τὰ πραχθέντα ..ἐν ..ἐπιστολαῖς ἴστε ye know by letters, Th.7.11; ἐν τῇδε ῥάβδῳ πάντα ποιήσεισ Ezek.132, cf. 1.108.

2. of a personal instrument, ἐν τῷ ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμονίων ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια 9.34.

IV. OF TIME, ὥρῃ ἐν εἰαρινῇ Il.16.643; ἐν νυκτί Hdt.6.69, X. 1.9; ἐν χρόνῳ μακρῷ S.235, 88; ἐν τούτῳ (sc. τῷ χρόνῶ) in this space of time, Hdt.1.126, etc.; ἐν ᾧ (sc. χρόνῳ) during the time that, S.929, etc. (also ἐν οἷσ Arist.391a2); ἐν ὅσῳ Th.3.28; ἐν ταῖς σπονδαῖσ in the time of the truce, X.3.1.1; ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ Th.7.73 (but in some phrases the ἐν is omitted, as μυστηρίοισ in the course of the mysteries, Ar.1013; τραγῳδοῖσ at the performance of .., Aeschin.3.36).

b. ἐν ἄρχοντι Μητροδώρῳ during the archonship of M., 7.1773 (Thebes, ii A. D.); ἐν ἄρχοντι Σύλλᾳ ib.3.113.

2. in, within, ἐν ἡμέρῃ Hdt.1.126; ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα Th.1.118; ἐν τρισὶ μησί X.1.1.37, etc.; μυρίαις ἐν ἁμέραισ in, i.e. after, countless days, E.305 (lyr.); ἐν ἡμέραις πολλαῖς νοσῆσαι Procop.9.35.

V. OF NUMBERS generally, ἐν δυσὶ σταδίοισ within two stadia, D.S.20.74, cf. 19.39, dub. in Th.6.1.

2. with gen. of price, ἐν δύο ταλάντων LXX 16.24.

3. amounting to, προῖκα ἐν δραχμαῖς ἐννακοσίαισ 970.14 (ii A. D.), etc.

B. WITH Acc., into, on, for, Arc. ἰν, νόμος ἰν ἄματα πάντα 5 (2).5; γράψαι ἐν χάλκωμα ib.511; ἐν πελτοφόρας ἀπεγράψατο ib.7.210 (Aegosthenae), etc.; also poet., ἐν πάντα νόμον Pi.2.86.

C. WITHOUT CASE, AS ADVERB, in the phrase ἐν δέ ..,

1. and therein, Il.9.361; ἐν μέν ..ἐν δέ Od.13.244.

2. and among them, Il.2.588, etc.; in Hdt., mostly ἐν δὲ δή ..3.39, 5.95; or ἐν δὲ καί .. 2.43,172,176.

3. and besides, moreover (not in Att. Prose), S. 675, 181 (lyr.), al.; ἐν δ' ὑπέρας τε κάλους τε πόδας τ' ἐνέδησεν ἐν αὐτῇ Od.5.260.

4. ἔνι, = ἔνεστι, ἔνεισι, Il.20.248, etc.

D. POSITION: ἐν freq. stands between its Subst. and the Adj. agreeing therewith, Il.22.61, B.5.41, etc.: without an Adj., τῷ δ' ἐν ἐρινεός ἐστι μέγασ Od.12.103: most freq. in Hom. in the form ἐνί, which is then written by anastrophe ἔνι, Il.7.221, Od.5.57; in Pi. between Subst. and gen., χόρτοις ἐν λέοντοσ 13.44, al.--One or more independent words sts. come between the Prep. and its dat., as in Od.11.115; also in Prose, Hdt.6.69.

E. IN COMPOS.,

I. with Verbs, the Prep. mostly retains its sense of being in or at a place, etc., c. dat., or folld. by εἰς .., or ἐν ..: in such forms as ἐνορᾶν τινί τι, in translating, we resolve the compd., to remark a thing in one.

b. also, at a person, ἐγγελᾶν, ἐνυβρίζειν τινί.

2. with Adjs., it expresses

a. a modified degree, as in ἔμπηλος, ἔμπικρος, ἔνσιμοσ, rather ...

b. the possession of a quality, as in ἔναιμοσ with blood in it, ἐνάκανθοσ thorny: ἔμφωνοσ with a voice: ἔννομοσ in accordance with law, etc.

II. ἐν becomes ἐμ- before the labials β μ π φ ψ; ἐγ- before the gutturals γ κ ξ Χ; ἐλ- before λ; ἐρ- before ρ; rarely ἐσ- before σ; but Inscrr. and Papyri often preserve ἐν- in all these cases.