[Remark: this dictionary entry has no valid XML/HTML content in database so a text version of this entry is shown.]: <b><G>e)pi/</G></b>: <i>upon, on.</i>—I. adv., <i>thereon, on top, thereby, besides;</i> esp. <G>e)/pi</G> = <G>e)/pesti</G> or <G>e)/peisi, ou)/ toi e)/pi dve/os</G>, thou hast nought to fear, Il. 1.515, Od. 8.563. Here belong all examples of tmesis, <G>e)pi\ d' ai)/geion knh= tu=ro/n</G>, grated on, Il. 11.639, 640; the appropriate case of a subst. may specify the relation of the adv., <G>e)pi\ kne/fas h)/luqe gai=an</G>, darkness came on—over the earth, Il. 24.351 <G>.—kre/) e)/dwn kai\ e)p' a)/krhton ga/la pi=/nwn</G>, on top of the meat, besides, Od. 9.297 <G>; pro\ me/n t' a)/ll), au)ta\r e)p) a)/lla</G>, some before, some after, Il. 13.799 <G>; e)pi\ ske/pas</G> <pb n=107> <G>h)=n a)ne/moio</G>, withal, Od. 5.443.—II. prep., (1) w. gen., local, of position, <i>on, at</i>, or direction, <i>towards, for;</i> and sometimes temporal; freq. <G>e)f' i(/ppwn, e)pi\ nhw=n; e)p) a)grou=</G>, in the country, at the farm, Od. 1.190 <G>; e)p' o)/gmou</G>, at the swath, Il. 18.557 <G>; si=gh=| e)f' u=(mei/wn</G>, by yourselves, Il. 7.195 <G>; e)pi\ paido\s e(/pesqai</G>, along with, Od. 1.278; direction, <G>nh/sou e)/pi *yuri/hs</G>, make for the island, Od. 3.171, Il. 5.700; time, <G>e)p' ei)rh/nhs, e)pi\ prote/rwn a)nqrw/pwn</G>, in the time of, Il. 2.797, Il. 5.637.—(2) w. dat., of place, time, purpose, condition; <G>ne/mesqai e)pi\ krh/nh|</G>, at the spring, Od. 13.408 <G>; nh=a e)p' h)pei/roio e)/russan</G> <G>u(you= e)pi\ yamaqoi=s</G>, high upon the sand, Il. 1.486 <G>; e)pi\ *patro/klw| te/tato u(smi=/nh</G>, over Patroclus, Il. 17.543; so of charge or mastery, <G>poimai/nein e)p' o)/essi,</G> Il. 6.25; <G> ui(o\n e)pi\ ktea/tessi lipe/sqai</G>, in charge of, as master of, Il. 5.154 <G>; e)pi\ i)/stori pei=ras e(le/sqai</G>, by, i. e. before a judge, Il. 18.501; freq. of hostile direction, <G>h(=ke d' e)p) *)argei/oisi be/los</G>, at the Greeks, Il. 1.382; addition, <G>o)/gxnh e)p' o)/gxnh|</G>, pear upon pear, Od. 7.120, 216; of time, <G>e)pi\ nukti/</G>, in the night, Il. 8.529 <G>; e)p' h)/mati</G>, a day long, Il. 19.229; day by day, Od. 12.105 <G>; e)p' h)/mati tw=|de</G>, on this day, Il. 13.234; cause or purpose, <G>gaste/ras e)pi\ do/rpw| katqe/meqa</G>, for supper, Od. 18.44 <G>; e)p' a)rwgh=|,</G> Il. 23.574; <G> e)pi\ r(hqe/nti dikai/w|</G>, at a just remark, Od. 18.414; condition or price, <G>misqw=| e)/pi r(htw=|,</G> Il. 21.445, <G> *k 304</G>, Il. 9.602.—(3) w. acc., local, direction <i>to</i> or <i>at</i> (hostile), or extension, <i>over;</i> of purpose, <i>for;</i> and of time in extension, <i>for, up to;</i> <G>e(/zesqai e)p' e)retma/</G>, take seats at the oars, Od. 12.171 <G>; e)pi\ e)/rga tre/pesqai</G>, to work, Il. 3.422 <G>; o)/rnusqai e)pi/ tina</G>, against, Il. 5.590 <G>; e)p' e)nne/a kei=to pe/leqra</G>, extending over, Od. 11.577 <G>; pa/ntas e)p' a)nqrw/pous e)ke/kasto</G>, the world over, Il. 24.535; so <G>e)pi\ gai=an, e)pi\ po/nton</G>; purpose, <G>a)nasth=nai e)pi\ do/rpon</G>, Il. 12.439; time, <G>pannu/xion eu(dei=n kai\ e)p' h)w= kai\ me/son h)=mar</G>, Od. 7.288; so <G>e)pi\ xro/non</G>, for a time; <G>e)pi\ dvhro/n</G>, for long.
the money-changers' tables, Pl.Ap.17c; in Geom., αἱ ἐφ' ὧν AA BB [γραμμαί] the lines AA BB, Arist.EN1132b6, etc.; ἕλιξ ἐφ' ἇς τὰ ΑΒΓΔ a spiral ABCD, Archim.Spir.13 (cf. B.1.1k); also ἐ. τοῦ βάτου
in the passage concerning
the bush, Ev.Marc.12.26. 2. in various relations not strictly local, μένειν ἐ. τῆς ἀρχῆσ remain
in
the command, X.Ages.1.37; μένειν ἐ. τινοσ abide
by
it, D.4.9; ἐ. τῶν πραγμάτων, ἐ. τοῦ πολεμεῖν εἶναι, to be engaged
in ..,
Id.15.11, Prooem.1; ἐ. ὀνόματος εἶναι bear a name, Id.39.21; ἔχεται πόλις ἐ. νόσουS.Ant.1141 (lyr.). b. of ships, ὁρμεῖν ἐπ' ἀγκύρασ ride
at
(i.e.
in dependence upon an
) anchor, Hdt.7.188; ἐ. προσπόλου μιᾶς χωρεῖν
dependent upon
an attendant, S.OC746. c. with the personal and reflexive Pron., once in Hom., εὔχεσθε ..σιγῇ ἐφ' ὑμείωνIl.7.195; later mostly with 3rd pers., ἐπ' ἑωυτῶν κεῖσθαι
a dialect of their own, Hdt. 1.142; also αὐτοὶ ἐφ' ἑαυτῶν χωρεῖνX.An.2.4.10; πράττεινPl.Prt.326d, cf. Sph.217c; τὸ ἐφ' ἑαυτῶν μόνον προορώμενοι considering their own
interest
only, th.1.17. d. with numerals, to denote the
depth
of a body of soldiers, ἐ. τεττάρων ταχφῆναι to be drawn up four
deep,
four
in file,
X.An.1.2.15, etc.; ἐ. πεντήκοντα ἀσπίδων συνεστραμμένοι, of the Thebansat Leuctra, Id.HG 6.4.12; ἐπ' ὀλίγων τεταγμένοι, i.e.
a subject, λέγειν ἐ. τινοσPl.Chrm.155d, R.524e, etc.; ἐπιδεῖξαί τι ἐ. τινοσIsoc.8.109; ἵνα τοὺς ἐπαίνους ἐπ' αὐτῶν κοινοὺς ποιήσωμαιD.60.12. 3. implying Motion: a. where the sense of motion is lost in the sense of being supported, ὀρθωθεὶς ..ἐπ' ἀγκῶνοσ having raised himself
upon
his elbow, Il.10.80; ἐ. μελίης ..ἐρεισθείσ 22.225; τὴν μὲν ..καθεῖσεν ἐ. θρόνου 18.389. b. in a pregnant sense, denoting the goal of motion (cf. εἰσA.1.2, ἐνA.1.8), νῆα ..ἐπ' ἠπείροιο ἔρυσσαν drew the ship
the last, LXXDe.17.7 (v.l. ἐσχάτῳ); ἐπὶ τοῦ παρόντοσ
for
the present, SIG543.6 (Epist. Philipp.). 4.
in respect of,
ἐ. τῶν πραγμάτωνArist.Pol.1280a17, cf. EN1131b18;
concerning,
τὰ ἐπ' αὐτῶν ἐνεστηκόταPTeb.7.6(ii B. C.). B. WITH DAT.: I. of Place,
upon,
just like the gen. (hence Poets use whichever case suits the metre, whereas in Prose the dat. is more freq.): 1. with Verbs of Rest, ἕζεο τῷδ' ἐ. δίφρῳIl.6.354; ἧντ' ἐ. πύργῳ 3.153; στῆ δ' ἐ... νηί̈ 8.222; κεῖσθαι ἐ. τινιX.An.1.8.27; καίειν ἐ. πᾶσι (sc. βωμοῖσ) Il.8.240; ἔβραχε χαλκὸς ἐ. στήθεσσι 4.420; ἐ. χθονὶ δέρκεσθαι 1.88, etc.: also with Verbs of Motion, where the subject rests
upon
something, νηυσὶν ἐπ' ὠκυπόροισιν ἔβαινον 2.351 (v.l. for ἐν); ἐπ' ὤμοις φέρεινE.Ph.1131 (but ἐφ' ἵππῳ, ἐφ' ἵπποισ and the like are never used for ἐφ' ἵππου, etc.); of places, mostly
, 24.277; ἐ. τούτοισHim.Or.14.10; so of Numerals, τρισχιλίους ἐ. μυρίοισPlu.Publ.20, cf. Jul.Or.4.148c, etc.; γυναῖκ' ἐφ' ἡμῖν ..ἔχειE.Med.694: with Verbs of eating and drinking,
with
, ἐ. τῷ σίτῳ πίνειν ὕδωρX.Cyr.6.2.27; νέκταρποτίσαι ἐπ' ἀμβροσίᾳPl.Phdr.247e; esp. of a relish, κάρδαμον μόνονἐ. τῷ σίτῳ ἔχεινX.Cyr.1.2.11; παίειν ἐφ' ἁλὶ τὰν μᾶδδανAr.Ach.835: metaph., ἐ. τῷ φάγοις ἥδιστ' ἄν; ἐ. βαλλαντίῳ; Id.Eq.707; later ἐ. γογγυλίσιδιαβιῶναι live
on
turnips, Ath.10.419a. f.. of position,
after
,
behind
, of soldiers, X.Cyr.8.3.16-18. g..
in dependence upon, in the
power of
, τὰ δ' οὐκ ἐπ' ἀνδράσι κεῖταιPi.P.8.76; ἐ. τινί ἐστι it is
which one is, ἀτελευτήτῳ ἐ. ἔργῳIl.4.175, etc.; ἐπ' ἀρρήτοις λόγοισS.Ant.556; ἐπ' ἀσφάκτοις μήλοισιE.Ion 228 (lyr.); ταύταις ἐ. συντυχίαισPi.P.1.36; ἐπ' εὐπραξίᾳS.OC1554; ἐ. τῷ παρόντιTh.2.36; ἐπ' αὐτοφώρῳ λαβεῖν, v. αὐτόφωροσ; also ἐ. τῷ δείπνῳ
at
dinner, X.Cyr.1.3.12, Thphr.Char. 3.2; ἐ. τῇ κύλικιPl.Smp.214b; ἐ. θαλίαισE.Med.192 (anap.). k.. Geom., of the point, etc.,
at
which letters are written, κέντρον ἐφ' ᾧ K Hippocr. ap. Simp.in Ph.64.14; ἡ [γραμμὴ] ἐφ' ᾗ HK the line HK, Arist.Mete.375b22. 2.. with Verbs of Motion: a.. where the sense of motion merges in that of support, ἐ. χθονὶ βαίνειIl.4.443; θεῖναι ἐ. γούνασιν 6.92; καταθέσθαι ἐ. γαίῃ 3.114; ἱστὸν ἔστησεν ἐ. ψαμάθοισ 23.853; ἐ. φρεσὶ θῆκε 1.55; δυσφόρους ἐπ' ὄμμασι γνώμασβαλεῖνS.Aj.51, etc. b.. in pregnant construction, πέτονται ἐπ'ἄνθεσιν fly
(cf. A. 11) only in Arc., ἐπὶ ΧαιριάδαιSchwyzer665A 21, cf. 666 (Orchom.). III.. in various causal senses: 1.. of the occasion or cause, τετεύξεται ἄλγε' ἐπ' αὐτῇ
for
her, Il.21.585; ἐ. σοὶ μάλα πόλλ'ἔπαθον
for
thee, 9.492: freq. with Verbs expressing some mental affection, ἐπὶ παντὶ λόγῳ ἐπτοῆσθαιHeraclit.87; μέγα φρονεῖν ἐ. τινι to be proud
at
or
of
a thing, Pl.Prt.342d, X.HG3.4.11, etc.; χλιδᾶν ἐ .τινιS.El.360; ἀγάλλεσθαι, ἀγανακτεῖν ἐ. τοῖς παροῦσι, X.An.2.6.26, Isoc.4.122; ὀνομαστὸς ἐ. τινι γεγονέναιX.Mem.1.2.61; also ἐφ' αἵματιφεύγειν to be tried
on
a capital charge, D.21.105; πληγὰς λαμβάνεινἐ. τινιX.Cyr.1.3.16; ζημιοῦσθαι ἐ. τινιD.24.122, etc.: in adverbial phrases [δικάσσαι] ἐπ' ἀρωγῇ
both cases, Pl.Tht.158d, cf. Xenoph.34.4; ἐ. δάκρυσί τινα καταστένεινE.Tr.315 (lyr.); ἐ. τῇ πάσῃ συκοφαντίᾳ καὶδιασεισμῷ Mitteis Chr.31 vI (ii B.C.), etc. 2.. of an end or purpose, υἱὸν ἐ. κτεάτεσσι λιπέσθαιIl.5.154, cf. 9.482; ἐ. δόρπῳ
the bank, D.33.12, Docum. ap. eund.45.31; ἡ ἐγγύη ἡ ἐ. τὴντράπεζανD.33.10; τὸ ἐ. τὴν τράπεζαν χρέωσ ib.24; also εἰσποιηθῆναιἐ. τὸ ὄνομά τινοσ to be entered
the council, Id.8.79); ἐ. ἡγεμόνας καὶ βασιλεῖς ἀχθήσεσθεEv.Matt.10.18. e.. in Military phrases (cf. A. 1.2d), ἐπ' ἀσπίδας πέντε καὶ εἴκοσιν ἐτάξαντο, i.e. twenty-five
in file
, Th.4.93; dub. in X., as ἐ. πολλοὺστεταγμένοι many
in file, An.
4.8.11 codd.; ἐπ' ὀλίγον τὸ βάθος γίγνεσθαιCyr.7.5.2 codd.; for ἐ. κέρασ v. infr.3. 3.. of the quarter or direction
towards
or
in
which a thing takes place, ἐ. δεξιά, ἐπ'ἀριστερά,
to
the right or left, Il.7.238, 12.240, Od.3.171, Hdt.6.33, etc.; ἐ. τὰ ἕτερα or ἐ. θάτερα, Id.5.74, Th.1.87, etc.; ἐ. τὰ μακρότερα ,βραχύτερα,
the day, Id.Cyr.6.2.34, cf. D.50.23, Hdt.1.32; ἐ. πολύ
for
a long time, Th.1.6, etc. 2..
up to, until
a certain time, εὗδον παννύχιοσκαὶ ἐπ' ἠῶ καὶ μέσον ἦμαρOd.7.288; οὐδ' ἐ. γῆρας ἵκετ' 8.226. III.. in various causal senses: 1.. of the object or purpose
for
which one goes, ἀγγελίην ἔπι Τυδῆ στεῖλαν sent him
for
(i.e.
to bring
) tidings of .., Il.4.384 (dub.); ἐ. βοῦν ἴτω let him go
the rule, Od.5.245, 21.44, etc. D.. POSITION:— ἐπί may suffer anastrophe (ἔπι) and follow its case, as in Il.1.162; it may like wise follow its Verb, ἤλυθ' ἔπι ψυχήOd.24.20, cf. Il.9.539. II.. in Poets it is sts. put with the second of two Nouns, though in sense it also governs the first, ἢ ἁλὸς ἢ ἐ. γῆσOd.12.27, cf. S.OT761, Ant.367 (lyr.). E.. ABS., used adverbially, without anastrophe, καὶ ἐ. σκέπασἦν ἀνέμοιοOd.5.443; κτεῖνον δ' ἐ. μηλοβοτῆρασ
no man .., 2.58; σοὶ δ' ἔ. μὲν μορφὴἐπέων 11.367; ἔ. δέ μοι γέρασA.Eu.393 codd. (lyr.). F.. PROSODY: in ἐπιόψομαι, ι is not elided before a vowel; also in some words where σ or f has been lost, as ἐπιάλμενος, ἐπιείκελοσ, ἐπιεικής, ἐπιέξομαι (v. ἐπέχω v11). Dor. ἐπιεργάζομαι (v. ἐπιεργάζομαι). G.. IN COMPOSITION: I.. of Place, denoting, 1.. Support or Rest