[Remark: this dictionary entry has no valid XML/HTML content in database so a text version of this entry is shown.]: <b><G>e)pei/</G></b>: temporal and causal conjunction.—I. temporal, <i>when, after;</i> of definite time, foll. by ind., freq. aor. (where we use plup.), Il. 1.57; but also by other tenses, Il. 1.235; of indefinite time (conditional), with the usual constructions that belong to relative <pb n=105> words (see <XREF name="a)/n, ke/n"><G>a)/n, ke/n</G></XREF>).—II. causal, <i>since, for</i>, foll. by ind.—With other words, <G>e)pei\ prw=ton, prw=ta</G>, after once, as soon as, <G>e)pei\ a)/r, e)pei\ dh/</G> (<G>e)peidh/</G>), <G>e)pei\ h)=</G> (<G>e)peih/</G>), <G>e)pei\ ou)=n, e)pei/ per, e)pei/ toi</G>, see the several words. <G>e)pei\ ou)</G> is to be read with synizesis, except in Od. 5.364, Od. 8.585 <G>. e)pei/</G> stands at the beginning of some verses, as if <G>e)ppei/</G>.
ἐπεί in oratione obliqua c inf constructum Πγ11. 1281 b13.-- ἐπεί concessive Ζιε6. 541 a32. η11. 587 b31. ἐπεὶ .. γεconcessive Ζγβ5. 741 a16. γ6. 756 b26. 7. 757 a35. --ἐπεί elliptice usurpatum ita ut e superioribus verbum re-petendum sit, δοκεῖ τισὶν ἀναγκαῖον εἶναι τηλικούτων φερο-μένων σωμκ́των γίγνεσθαι ψόφον, ἐπεὶ καὶ τῶν παῤ ἡμῖνοὔτε τοὺς ὄγκους ἐχόντων ἴσους οὔτε τοιούτῳ τάχει φερομένωνΟβ9. 290 b16. -- ἐπεὶ γάρ non reddita ad eam protasinἐπεκτείνεινapodosi Ρβ25. 1402 b26 (scribendum videtur καὶ γὰρ BzAr Stud II 11). -- ἐπεὶ .. γε μα4. 342 a15. -- ἐπειδήet ἐπεὶ δὲ frequens var lect. ἐπειδὴ et ἐπειδήπερ frequentiusin ημ usurpari quam apud Ar observavit Eucken I 68. --ἐπειδήπερ Οδ2. 309 a3. μα6. 343 a29. -- ἐπείπερ Ογ2.301 b10. μγ5. 376 a12. αι5. 444 b5. φτα1. 815 a34. omissoverbo ατ968 a8. -- ἐπεί τοί γε ξ4. 977 b33.
Liddell-Scott-Jones: A Greek-English lexicon
ἐπεί, Conj., both temporal and causal; also ἐπειδή, ἐπείτε.A. OF TIME (ἐπειδή is more freq. in this sense in Prose),
after that, since, when,
from Hom. downwds.: I. with Ind., 1. of a definite occurrence in past time, mostly c. aor., ἐπεί π̔' εὔξαντο
after
they had prayed, Il.1.458; ἐπειδὴ ἐτελεύτησε Δαρεῖος καὶ κατέστη Ἀρταξέρξησ
after
D. had died and A. had succeeded, X.An.1.1.3: rarely c. impf., ἐπειδὴ εἱστιώμεθ'Ar.Nu.1354; ἐ. πόντον εἰσεβάλλομενE.IT260; ἐ. ἠσθένει ΔαρεῖοσX.An.1.1.1: c. plpf., ἐπειδὴ ἐξηπάτησθε ..
after
you had been deceived .., D.18.42; but generally the aor. is found, the plpf. being used only for special emphasis: c. impf. to express an action not yet complete, ἐπεὶ ὑπηντίαζεν ἡ φάλαγξ καὶ ἡ σάλπιγξ ἐφθέγξατο
after
the phalanx began to advance and the trumpet had sounded, X.An.6.5.27. 2. with implied reference to some later time, ἐ. or ἐπειδή, = ἐξ οὗ,
I came to the throne, I had this in mind, Hdt.7.8.ά; ἐπειδήπερ ὑπέστηTh.8.68; δέκατον μὲν ἔτος τόδ' ἐ ... ἦρανA.Ag. 40: sts. c. pres. (used in pf. sense) and pf., ἐ. δὲ φροῦδός ἐστι στρατόσ
since
the army is gone, S.Ant.15; ἐπείτε ὑπὸ τῷ Πέρσῃ εἰσί, πεπόνθασι τοιόνδε
ever since
they have been,
now that
they are .., Hdt.3.117. II. with Subj., ἄν being always added in Att. Prose, and ἄν or κε generally in Poetry: ἐπεί with ἄν becomes ἐπήν (so in Com., Ar.Lys.1175,Av.983), later ἐπάν (q.v.), Ion. ἐπεάνSchwyzer 800(vi B.C.), Hdt.3.153, al., ἐπήνHp.Fract.6, al., and ἐπειδή with ἄν ἐπειδάν (q.v.); Hom. has ἐπεί κε, ἐπήν (once ἐπεὶ ἄνIl.6.412): 1. referring to future time with fut. apodosis, τέκνα ἄξομεν ..ἐπὴν πτολίεθρον ἕλωμεν
when
we shall have taken the city, Il.4.238; ἐ. κ' ἀπὸ λαὸς ὄληται 11.764. cf. Od.17.23; ἐπεάν περ ἡμίονοι τέκωσι, τότε τὸ τεῖχος ἁλώσεσθαιHdt.3.153; ταῦτ', ἐπειδὰν περὶ τοῦ γένους εἴπω, τότ' ἐρῶ I will speak of this,
when
I have spoken .., D.57.16, cf. X.An.2.3.29; ἐ. ἂν σύ γε πότ μον ἐπίσπῃσIl.6.412; χρὴ δέ, ὅταν μὲν τιθῆσθε τοὺς νόμους, ..σκοπεῖν, ἐπειδὰν δὲ θῆσθε, φυλάττειν whenever you are enacting your laws, ..and
after
you have enacted them .., D.21.34. 2. of repeated action, with a pres. apodosis,
the burial takes place they bring, Th.2.34; ἐπειδὰν κρύψωσι γῇ ..λέγει
when
they have covered them with earth, ibid.: sts. without ἄν or κε in Poets, ἐ. ἂρ βλέφαρ' ἀμφικαλύψῃOd.20.86; ἐ. δὴ τόν γε δαμάσσεται ..ὀϊστόσIl.11.478, cf. S.OC1225 (lyr.), Ant. 1025. 3. like A.1.2, δέκα ἡμερῶν ἐπειδὰν δόξῃ within ten days
from
the passing of the resolution, IG12.88.7. III. with Opt. (without ἄν): 1. referring to future time, ἐπειδὴ πρὸς τὸ φῶς ἔλθοι, ὁρᾶν οὐδ' ἂν ἓν δύνασθαι (sc. οὐκ οἴει);
after
he had come into the light .., Pl.R.516a: Hom. sts. uses ἐπήν with opt. in same sense as ἐπεί,Il.24.227, Od.2.105 (codd.), etc. 2. more freq. of repeated action, with a past apodosis, ἐ. ζεύξειεν .., δησάσκετοIl.24.14; ἐπειδὴ δέ τι ἐμφάγοιεν, ἀνίσταντοX.An.4.5.9; ἐ. πύθοιτο, ἐπῄνειId.Cyr.5.3.55, cf. Th.8.38, Pl.Phd.59d, Prt.315b. 3. in orat. obliq. after past tenses, representing a subj. in orat. rect., αὐτὸς δὲ ἐπεὶ διαβαίης, ἀπιέναι ἔφησθα (the direct form being ἐπὴν διαβῶ) X.An. 7.2.27, cf. 3.5.18, Cyr.1.4.21; after opt. in a final clause, ἐπορεύοντο,ὅπως ἐπειδὴ γένοιντο ἐπὶ τῷ ποταμῷ ..ἴοιενTh.7.80. 4. by assimilation to opt. in principal clause, ἦ τ' ἂν ..νῦν μὲν ἀνώγοιμι πτολεμίζειν ..ἐπὴν τεισαίμεθα λώβηνIl.19.208; ὃς τὸ καταβρόξειεν ἐπεὶ κρητῆρι μιγείηOd.4.222. 5.ἐπειδάν c. opt. is f.l. in some passages of early authors, as X.Cyr.1.3.11, D.30.6 (c. ind., Plb.13.7.8): found in later Gr., Agath.2.5, al., Zos.5.18.10. IV. with Inf., only in orat. obliq., ἐπειδὴ δὲ κατὰ σχολὴν σκέψασθαι, κόπτεσθαι (sc. ἔφη) Pl.R. 619c, cf.Smp.174d, Hdt.4.10, 7.150. V. with other words: 1.ἐ. τάχιστα
then, in continuing a narrative, Il.6.426; ἐπεὶ οὖν
when
then, in resuming a narrative, 1.57, 3.4; ἐπεὶ ὦνHdt.3.9; ἐπεὶ γὰρ δήId.9.90, etc. B. CAUSAL (ἐπεί more freq. in this sense in early Prose: ἐπειδή
whereas
is used in preambles of decrees, IG22.103, etc.; ἐπειδήπερ
inasmuch as, Ev. Luc.
1.1),
since, seeing that,
freq. from Hom. downwards: 1. with Ind. (after both present and past tenses), ἐ. οὐδὲ ἔοικεIl.1.119, cf. 153,278, Pi.O.4.16, X.Mem.2.3.4; ἐπειδήTh.8.80; ἐπειδὴ οὐκ ἐθέλεισPl.Prt.335c; νίκη δ' ἐπείπερ ἕσπετ', ἐμπέδως μένοιA.Ag.854; freq. with past tenses with ἄν, ἐπεὶ οὔποτ' ἂν στόλον ἐπλεύσατ' ἄνS.Ph.1037; ἐπεὶ οὔ κεν ἀνιδρωτί γ' ἐτελέσθηIl.15.228, cf. D. 18.49; οὐ γὰρ ἂν σθένοντά γε εἷλέν μ'· ἐπεὶ οὐδ' ἂν ὧδ' ἔχοντ' (sc. εἷλεν) S.Ph.948: esp. in the sense,
for otherwise ..,
Pi.O.9.29, S.OT433, X.Mem.2.7.14, Herod.2.72, etc.: so c. fut., ἐξέστω δὲ μηδενὶ ..τεθῆναι .., ἐ. ἀποδώσει ..
otherwise
he shall pay .., Rev.Et.Anc.4.261 (near Smyrna): c. imper., ἐ. δίδαξον
for
teach me, S.El.352, OC969, cf. OT 390, Ar.V.73, Pl.Grg.473e: with an interrog., ἐ. πῶς ἂν καλέσειας;
for
how would you call him? Ar.Nu.688, cf. Pi.P.7.5, A.Ch.214, S.Tr.139 (lyr.); ὦ Ἀλκιβιάδη, ἐπειδὴ περὶ τίνος Ἀθηναῖοι διανοοῦνται βουλεύεσθαι, ἀνίστασαι συμβουλεύσων;Pl.Alc.1.106c. 2. c. Opt., ἐ. ἂν μάλα τοι σχεδὸν ἔλθοιIl.9.304, cf. S.Aj.916; so after past tenses on the principle of orat. obliq., ἐπείπερ ἡγήσαιντο
since
(as they said) they believed, X.Mem.1.4.19. 3. c. Inf. in orat. obliq., ἐ. γιγνώσκειν γε αὐτάPl.Prt.353a, cf. Hdt.8.111, Th.2.93. 4. in elliptical expressions, ἀδύνατός [εἰμι], ἐ. ἐβουλόμην ἂν οἷός τ' εἶναι I am unable (and yet I am sorry),
for
I should like to have the power, Pl.Prt. 335c; so εἶμι· ἐ. καὶ ταῦτ' ἂν ἴσως οὐκ ἀηδῶς σου ἤκουον ibid. (here the sense may be given by
the murdered man was my own hired man, Pl.Euthphr.4c. b. sts. after a voc., where 'listen' may be supplied, Ἕκτορ, ἐ. με κατ' αἶσαν ἐνείκεσασIl.3.59, cf. 13.68, Od.3.103, 211. 5. with other Particles, ἐ. ἄρα, ἐ. ἂρ δή
since
then, Od.17.185; ἐ. γε (ἐπεί ..γεIl.1.352, Hes.Th.171), more emphatic than ἐ.,