χείρ, χειρόσ, besides the usual forms also dat. χερί, pl. dat. χείρεσσι and χείρεσι (Il. 20.468): hand, as flat hand or fist, Od. 12.174; including the arm, Il. 6.81, Od. 1.238; often the pl., esp. fig. as typical of strength, violence, etc., joined with μένος, βίη, δύναμις, Il. 6.502, Il. 12.135, Od. 20.237; χερσίν τε ποσίν τε καὶ σθένει, Il. 20.360; χεῖρα ἐπιφέρειν τινί, χεῖρας ἐφιέναι, ἰάλλειν, χερσὶν ἀρήγειν, χεῖρα ὑπερέχειν τινί, in defence, Il. 4.249; (εἰσ) χεῖρας ἱκέσθαι, fall into the power, Il. 10.448.
χείρ, ἡ, χειρός, χειρί, χεῖρα, dual χεῖρε, χεροῖν, pl. χεῖρες, χερῶν, χεῖρας, penult. being regularly short, when the ult. is long; dat. pl. regularly χερσί (χειρσί occurs in cod.Vat. of LXX, as Jd.7.19, 1 Ch.5.10, and late Inscrr. as CIG2811
b.
10 (Aphrodisias), 2942c (Tralles): but Poets used the penult. long or short in all cases, as the verse required, χερός, χερί, χέρα, χέρε, χέρες, χέρασ (of which Hom. uses only χερί; χέραh.Pan.40); gen. dual χειροῖνS.El.206 (lyr.), 1394 (lyr.), IG22.1498.76; gen. pl. χειρῶν ib.31, common in Prose.— Poet. forms, dat. pl. χείρεσι(ν) once in Hom., Il.20.468, also Q.S.2.401, 5.469 (v.l.); χείρεσσιIl.12.382, Pi.O.10(11).62, S.Ant. 976 (lyr.), 1297 (lyr.), and once in trim., E.Alc.756; χέρεσσι(ν) Hes.Th.519, 747, B.17.49; χερέεσσινAJA36.460 (Galatia):— Dor. nom. χέρσTimocr.9; χήρSophr. in PSI11.1214a3 (also, = δίψακοσ, Ps.-Dsc.3.11); gen. χηρόσAlcm.32, IG42(1).121.22 (Epid., iv B. C.); acc. pl. χῆρασ ib.96, Aeol. χέρρασAlc.Supp.4.21, Theoc.28.9.— On the accent and declension of these forms, v. Hdn.Gr.2.277,748:—
the hand,
whether
closed,
παχεῖαIl.3.376; βαρεῖα 11.235, al.; or
open, flat,
χερσὶ καταπρηνέσσι, χειρὶ καταπρηνεῖ, 15.114, Od.13.164, al.; εἰς τὴν χ. ἐγχεάμενοί τιX.Cyr.1.3.9: freq. in pl. where
a single hand
is meant, Il.23.384, etc.; reversely, sg. where more than one
hand
is spoken of, e.g. Od.3.37, etc.; dual joined with pl., ἄμφω χεῖρασ 8.135; χεῖρε ἀμφοτέρασIl.21.115. 2.
Il.6.81, etc.: hence, words are added to denote the
hand
as distinct from the
arm,
ἄκρην οὔτασε χεῖρα 5.336; περὶ ἄκραις ταῖς χ. χειρῖδας ἔχουσιX.Cyr.8.8.17, cf. Pl.Prt.352a. 3. of the
hand
or
paw
of animals, ὅσα [ζῷα] χεῖρας ἔχειX.Mem.1.4.14; πορεύεσθαι ἐπὶ χειρῶν go on
all fours.
LXXLe.11.27; so of monkeys, Arist.HA502b3; of the
fore-paws
of the hyena, Id.Fr.369; of the bear, Plu.2.919a. II. Special usages: 1. to denote position, ποτέρας τῆς χερός; on which
hand?
E.Cyc.681; ἐπὶ δεξιὰ χειρόσPi.P.6.19; ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ χειρόσOd.5.277; χειρὸς εἰς τὰ δεξιάS.Fr.598; λαιᾶς χειρόσA.Pr.714 (but χείρ is often omitted with δεξιά, ἀριστερά, as we say
the right, the left
). 2. freq. in dat. of all numbers with Verbs which imply the use of hands, λάβε χειρί, χερσὶν ἑλέσθαι,Il.5.302, 10.501; χερσὶν ἀσπάζεσθαιOd.3.35; προκαλίζεσθαι 18.20; χειρί, χεροῖν ψαῦσαι,S.OT1510, 1466: sts. this dat. is added pleon. by way of emphasis, ὄνυξι συλλαβὼν χερίId.Aj.310. 3. gen.,
by the hand,
χειρὸς ἔχειν τινάIl.4.154; χειρὸς ἑλών 1.323, etc.; γέροντα δὲ χειρὸς ἀνίστη he raised him
by the hand,
24.515, cf. Od.14.319; χερὶ χειρὸς ἑλώνPi.P.9.122; τινὰ χειρός ἑλκεινId.N.11.32; ἀνέλκειν τινὰ τῆς χ.Ar.V.569 (anap.). 4. the acc. is used when one takes the
hand
of a person, χεῖρα γέροντος ἑλώνIl. 24.361; χεῖρ' ἕλε δεξιτερήνOd.1.121; χεῖράς τ' ἀλλήλων λαβέτην, in pledge of good faith, Il.6.233; so ἔμβαλλε χ. δεξιὰν πρώτιστά μοιS.Tr.1181; also ἔμβαλλε χειρὸς πίστινId.Ph.813, cf. OC1632. 5. other uses of the acc.: a. in prayer or entreaty, χεῖρας ἀνασχεῖν [θεοῖσ] Il.3.275, etc.; ποτὶ γούνασι χεῖρας βάλλεινOd.6.310; ἀμφὶ ..Ἀρήτης βάλε γούνασι χεῖρας Ὀδυσσεύσ 7.142; ἀμφὶ δὲ χεῖρας δειρῇ βάλλ' Ὀδυσῆϊ 23.207; ἀμφί τινι χεῖρε β. 21.223; περίβαλε δὲ χέρασAr.Th.914, cf. A.Ag.1559 (anap.); χεῖρας προί̈σχεσθαιTh.3.58, 66; so also χεῖρας ἀείρωνOd.11.423, cf. Il.7.130 (tm.); χ. ἀνατείνειν (v. ἀνατείνω 1.1). b.τὰς χεῖρας αἴρειν to hold up
hands
in token of assent or choice, of persons voting, Ar.Ec.264; τὴν χ. αἴρεινAnd.3.41; ὅτῳ δοκεῖ ταῦτα, ἀράτω τὴν χ.X.An.5.6.33, cf. 7.3.6; ἀνατεινάτω τὴν χ. ib.3.2.9, 33; χεῖρας ὀρεγνύσIl.22.37; χεῖρ' ὀρέγων εἰς οὐρανόν 15.371; χεῖρας ὀ. τινίOd.12.257; πρός τιναPi.P.4.240; ποτὶ στόμα χεῖρ' ὀρέγεσθαιIl.24.506 (but χεῖρά τισι ὀ. to reach them
one's hand
in help, X.HG5.2.17); also χεῖρε ἑτάροισι πετάσσασIl.4.523, etc.; πιτνὰς εἰς ἐμὲ χεῖρασOd.11.392 (but χεῖρε πετάσσασ abs., of one swimming, etc., 5.374, al.). c. [Ἰλίου] χεῖρα ἑὴν ὑπερέσχε held
the hand
over I. as a protector, Il.9.420, etc.: less freq. τισι, 4.249, cf. 5.433; χεῖρά θ' ὕπερθεν ἔχεισIG14.1003.10 (Rome). d. in hostile sense, χεῖρασ or χεῖρα ἐπιφέρειν τινί,Il.1.89, 19.261, al.; χεῖρας ἐφιέναι τινί 1.567, Od.1.254, al.; χεῖρας ἐπιβάλλειν τισίPlb.3.2.8, etc.; χέρα τινὶ προσενεγκεῖνPi.P.9.36; χεῖρας ἐπί τινι ἰάλλειν, v. ἰάλλω 1.1. e.χεῖρας ἀπέχειν keep
hands
off, λοιμοῖο βαρείας χεῖρας ἀφέξειIl.1.97 codd.; κερτομίας δέ τοι ..καὶ χεῖρας ἀφέξω ..μνηστήρωνOd.20.263; ἀθανάτων ἀπέχειν χέρασA.Eu.350 (lyr.); τὼ χεῖρε ἀπέχεταιPl.Smp.213d; παύειν χεῖράς τινοσIl.21.294. f.χεῖρας ἐπιτιθέναι τινί, in token of consecration, 1 Ep.Ti.5.22, etc. 6. with Preps.: a.ἀνὰ χεῖρας ἔχειν τινάσ to be intimate with .., Plb.21.6.5; αἱ ἀνὰ χεῖρά τινων ὁμιλίαιS.E.M.1.64; τὰ ἀνὰ χεῖρα πράγματα the matters
in hand,
Plu.2.614b, etc. (also οἱ ἀνὰ χ. χρόνοι the
current
period, PRyl.88.21 (ii A. D.); τὰ ἀνὰ χ. what comes his way, Ps.-Ptol.Centil.18; ἀνὰ χ. τῆς πύλησ
hard by
.., LXX2 Ki.15.2. b.ἀπὸ χειρὸς λογίσασθαι to reckon
off-hand, roughly,
Ar.V.656 (anap.), cf. Luc.Hist.Conscr.29: but πότισον τὴν γῆν ἀπὸ χειρόσ by
hand,
PCair.Zen.155 (iii B. C.). c.διὰ χερῶν ἔχειν, λαβεῖν, literally, to have or take
be engaged in it, Phld.Acad.Ind.p.69M. (χερόσ), D.H.Isoc.4; τὰ ὅπλαPlu.Cor.2, etc. (also διὰ χ. by direct payment, opp. διὰ τῆς τραπέζησ by banker's order, BGU1156.8 (i B. C.), etc.; cf. διὰ χ. ἔσπευδε τὴν πρᾶσινCharito 1.12); of arms, διὰ χειρὸς εἶναιLuc.Anach.35; διὰ χ. ἔχειν, c. part., to be
continually
doing, Plu.2.767c; διὰ χειρός τινος ποιεῖν τιLXXJo.17.4, al., cf. Act.Ap.7.25, al. d.ἐς χεῖρας λαβεῖν τι literally, S.El.1120, etc.; to take a matter
Il.10.448 (in Hom. also simply ὅ τι χεῖρας ἵκοιτοOd.12.331, cf. 24.172); so εἰς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τινιX.Cyr.7.4.10, cf. 2.4.15: generally, to have to do with any one,
converse
with him, Id.An.1.2.26 (so ἐς χεῖρα γῇ ξυνῆψανE.Heracl.429): most freq. ἐς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τισι to come to
blows
or
close quarters
with .., A.Th.680; ἀλλήλοισTh.7.44: abs., εἰς χ. ἐλθεῖνId.4.96; ἐς χ. ἰέναιId.2.3, 4.72, cf. PTeb.765.6 (ii B. C.); συνιέναιX.Cyr.8.8.22; also ἐς χειρῶν νόμον (fort. νομόν) ἀπικέσθαιHdt.9.48; ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ (fort. νομῷ) ἀπόλλυσθαιId.8.89, cf. Aeschin.1.5, SIG167.37 (Mylasa, iv B. C.), Heraclid.Pol.25, Plb.1.34.5, 5.111.6; ἐνχειρὸς νόμῳArist.Pol.1285a10, D.H.6.26; ἐν χειρῶν νομαῖσSIG700.29 (Lete, ii B.C.), v. l. in LXX3 Ma.1.5; ἐν χεροῖν δίκῃ cj. in E.Ba.738; εἰς χεῖρας συμμεῖξαι τοῖς πολεμίοισX.Cyr.2.1.11; also εἰς χεῖρας δέχεσθαί τινασ to await their charge, Id.An.4.3.31; ἐς χ. ὑπομεῖναί τινασTh. 5.72. e.ἐκ χειρόσ by
D.21.219; χειρὶ καὶ ποδὶ καὶ πάσῃ δυνάμειAeschin.3.109, cf. 2.115; χερσίν τε ποσίν τεIl.20.360, cf. Pi.O.10(11).62, esp. of using the hands in a fight, cf. supr. 11.6d, e, f; of deeds of violence, πρὶν χειρῶν γεύσασθαι before we try
ἡ χ. ἥδε κυρία ἔστωPRein.28.18(ii B.C.), cf. PCair.Zen.477 (iii B.C.), etc. b.
handiwork
of an artist or workman, γλαφυρὰ χ.Theoc.Epigr.8.5, etc.; αἱ Ἐφεσίου χεῖρεσHerod.4.72, cf. 6.66; σοφαὶ χέρεσAPl.4.262; τὰς Φειδίου χ.Lib.Or. 30.22. VII. of any implement resembling a hand: 1. a kind of
gauntlet,
X.Eq.12.5, Poll.1.135 (pl.). 2.χ. σιδηρᾶ
grappling
-iron, Th.4.25, 7.62; also of an
anchor,
AP6.38 (Phil.). 3.
axle-tree,
LXX3 Ki.7.18(32). 4. in LXX,
pillar
or
cairn,
as it were
a finger pointing to heaven,
χεὶρ ἈβεσσαλώμLXX2 Ki.18.18; also ἀνέστακεν αὐτῷ χεῖρα, i.e.
trophy,
ib. 1 Ki.15.12. 5.χεῖρες ἐλάτιναι, of oars, Tim.Pers.7. 6.
catch
of a trigger, HeroAut.13.9; χ. κατάγουσα τὴν τοξῖτινPh.Bel. 68.4, cf. HeroBel.78.2. 7. instrument of torture, LXX4 Ma.8.13. VIII.