κόσμοσ: order, arrangement, then ornaments (of women), trappings (of horses); of building or construction, ἵππου (the wooden), Od. 8.492; freq. κόσμῳ, and (εὖ) κατὰ κόσμον, both literally and figuratively, duly, becomingly, Od. 8.489; also οὐ κατὰ κόσμον, Od. 20.181.
, title of chief magistrate in Crete, SIG712.57, etc.; collectively,
body of
κόσμοι, ib.524.1; τοῦ κ. τοῖς πλίασι ib.527.74: also freq. in pl., ib.528.1, al., Arist.Pol.1272a6, Str.10.4.18, 22; cf. κόρμοσ. IV. Philos.,
world-order, universe
, first in Pythag., acc.to Placit.2.1.1, D.L.8.48 (cf. [Philol.]21), or Parm., acc. to Thphr. ap. D.L.l.c.; κόσμον τόνδε οὔτε τις θεῶν οὔτε ἀνθρώπων ἐποίησεν, ἀλλ' ἦν ἀεὶ καὶ ἔστιν καὶ ἔσται πῦρHeraclit.30; ὁ καλούμενος ὑπὸ τῶν σοφιστῶν κ.X.Mem.1.1.11: freq. in Pl., Grg.508a, Ti.27a, al.; ἡ τοῦ ὅλου σύστασίς ἐστι κ. καὶ οὐρανόσArist.Cael.280a21, cf. Epicur.Ep. 2p.37U., Chrysipp.Stoic.2.168, etc.; ὁ κ. ζῷον ἔμψυχον καὶ λογικόνPosidon. ap. D.L.7.139, cf. Pl.Ti.30b: sts. of the
firmament
, γῆς ἁπάσης τῆς ὑπὸ τῷ κόσμῳ κειμένησIsoc.4.179; ὁ περὶ τὴν γῆν ὅλος κ.Arist.Mete.339a20; μετελθεῖν εἰς τὸν ἀέναον κ., of death, OGI56.48 (Canopus, iii B. C.); but also, of
earth
, as opp. heaven, ὁ ἐπιχθόνιος κ.Herm. ap. Stob.1.49.44; or as opp. the underworld, ὁ ἄνω κ.Iamb.VP27.123; of any
region
of the universe, ὁ μετάρσιος κ.Herm. ap. Stob.1.49.44; of the sphere whose centre is the earth's centre and radius the straight line joining earth and sun, Archim.Aren.4; of the sphere containing the fixed stars, Pl.Epin.987b: in pl.,
worlds
, coexistent or successive, Anaximand. et alii ap.Placit.2.1.3, cf. Epicur.l.c.; also, of stars, Νὺξ μεγάλων κ. κτεάτειραA.Ag.356 (anap.), cf. Heraclid.et Pythagorei ap.Placit.2.13.15 (= Orph.Fr.22); οἱ ἑπτὰ κ. the Seven
planets,
Corp.Herm.11.7. 2. metaph.,
microcosm
, ἄνθρωπος μικρὸς κ.Democr. 34; ἄνθρωπος βραχὺς κ.Ph.2.155; of living beings in general, τὸ ζῷον οἷον μικρόν τινα κ. εἶναί φασιν ἄνδρες παλαιοίGal.UP3.10. 3. in later Gr., = οἰκουμένη,