εἰς, ἐσ (εἰσ before a consonant only in εἰσβαίνω): into.—I. adv. (the socalled tmesis), ἐς δ' ἦλθον, ἐς δ̓ ἐρέτᾶς ἀγείρομεν, Il. 1.142; an acc. in the same clause may specify the relation of the adv., thus preparing the way for a true prepositional use, τὼ δ' εἰς ἀμφοτέρω Διομήδεος ἅρματα (acc. of end of motion) βήτην, Θ 115, Od. 2.152. —II. prep. w. acc., into, to, for;ἐς ἀλλήλους δὲ ἴδοντο, towards each other, into each other's faces, Il. 24.484; of purpose, εἰπεῖν εἰς ἀγαθόν, for a good end, Il. 9.102 ; εἰς ᾶ̓́την, to my ruin, Od. 12.372; of time, εἰς ἐνιαυτόν, i. e. up to the end of a year, Od. 4.595; so εἰς ὅ κε, until; distributively, αἰεὶ εἰς ὥρᾶσ, season after season (cf. in dies), Od. 9.135. Apparently w. gen., by an ellipsis, εἰς Ἀιδᾶο (sc. δόμον), ἐς Πριάμοιο, and by analogy, εἰς Αἰγύπτοιο (sc. ῦ̔́δωρ), εἰς ἡμετέρου, Od. 2.55, etc.
εἰσ or ἐσ, PREP. WITH ACC. ONLY:— both forms are found in Hom., Ion. poets, and early metrical Inscrr.; ἐσ is best attested in Hdt. and Hp., and is found in nearly all early Ion. Inscrr. (exc. IG12(8).262.16 (Thasos, v B. C.), ib.7.235.1 (Oropus, iv B. C.)); εἰσ in Att. Inscrr. from iv B. C., IG2.115, etc.; and usu. in Att. Prose (exc. Th.) and Com. (exc. in parody): Trag. apptly. prefer εἰσ, but ἐσ is used before vowels metri gr.; ἐσ was retained in the phrases ἐς κόρακασ (whence the Verb σκορακίζω), ἐς μακαρίαν. Aeol. poets have εἰσ before vowels, ἐσ before consonants, and this is given as the rule in Hom. by An.Ox. 1.172, cf. Hellad. ap. Phot.Bibl.p.533B. (Orig. ἐνσ, as in IG4.554.7 (Argos), GDI4986.11 (Crete); cf. ἐν, ἰν. The diphthong is genuine in Aeol. εἰσ, but spurious in Att.-Ion.) Radical sense
into
, and then more loosely,
to
: I. OF PLACE, the oldest and commonest usage, εἰς ἅλα
into
or
to
the sea, Il.1.141, al.; εἰς ἅλαδεOd.10.351; ἔς ῥ' ἀσαμίνθουσ 4.48; ἐς οἶνον βάλε φάρμακον ib.220; freq. of places,
the same point, E.Hipp.273: less freq. after a Subst., ὁδὸς ἐς λαύρηνOd.22.128; τὸ ἐς Παλλήνην τεῖχοσ
facing
Pallene, Th.1.56; ξύνοδος ἐς τὴν ΔῆλονId.3.104, cf.Pl.Tht.173d. b. Ep. and Ion., also c. acc. pers. (Att. ὡς, πρός, παρά), Il.7.312, 15.402, Od.14.127, Hdt.4.147; also in Att. with collective Nouns, ἐς τὸν δῆμον παρελθόντεσTh. 5.45, or plurals, εἰς ὑμᾶς εἰσῆλθονD.18.103; esp. of consulting an oracle, ἐς θεὸν ἐλθεῖνPi.O.7.31; εἰς Ἄμμων' ἐλθόντεσAr.Av.619. 2. with Verbs expressing
restin
a place, when a previous motion
into
or
to
it is implied, ἐς μέγαρον κατέθηκεν ἐπὶ θρόνου he put it
in
the house (i.e. he brought it
into
the house, and put it
there
), Od.20.96; ἐς θρόνους ἕζοντο they sat them down
upon
the seats, 4.51, cf. 1.130; ἐφάνη λὶς εἰς ὁδόν the lion appeared
in
the path, Il.15.276; ἀπόστολος ἐς τὴν Μίλητον ἦνHdt.1.21 (s. v.l.); αὐτὸς ἐς Αακεδαίμονα ἀπόστολος ἐγίνετοId.5.38; ἐς κώμην παραγίνονταιId.1.185; παρῆν ἐς ΣάρδισId.6.1; ἐς δόμους μένεινS.Aj.80 (cod. Laur.); ἐς τὴν νῆσον κατέκλῃσεTh.1.109, cf. Hdt.3.13; ἀπόβασιν ποιήσασθαι ἐσ ..Th.2.33, etc.; later used like ἐν, τὴν γῆν εἰς ἣν ὑμεῖς κατοικεῖτεLXXNu.35.34; τὸ χρυσίον ὃ εἰλήφεσαν εἰς ῬώμηνD.S.14.117; οἰκεῖν εἰς τὰ ὝπαταLuc.Asin.1; εἰς Ἐκβάτανα ἀποθανεῖνAel.VH7.8; εἰς ἅπασαν τὴν γῆνSuid. s.v. Καλλίμαχοσ: generally, τοὔνομα εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα, φασίν, Ἱππομιγὴς δύναταιAel.VH9.16. 3. with Verbs of saying or speaking, εἰσ relates to the persons
to
or
before
whom one speaks, εἰπεῖν ἐς πάντας, ἐς πάντας αὔδα, Hdt.8.26, S.OT93; λέγειν εἰς τὸ μέσον τῶν ταξιάρχωνX.Cyr. 3.3.7; αἱ ἐς τὸ φανερὸν λεγόμεναι αἰτίαιTh.1.23: with other Verbs, εἰς τοὺς Ἕλληνας σαυτὸν σοφιστὴν παρέχωνPl.Prt.312a; καλὸν ἐς τοὺς Ἕλληνας τὸ ἀγώνισμα φανεῖσθαιTh.7.56; ἐπαχθὴς ν ἐς τοὺς τολλούσId.6.54; στρατιὰν ἐπαγγέλλων ἐς τοὺς ξυμμάχουσId.7.17; διαβεβλῆσθαι εἴς τιναPl.R.539c. 4. elliptical usages, a. after Verbs which have no sense of motion to or into a place, τὴν πόλιν ἐξέλιπον εἰς χωρίον ὀχυρόν they quitted the city
for
a strong position, i.e. to seek a strong position, X.An.1.2.24; γράμματα ἑάλωσαν εἰς Ἀθήνασ letters were captured [and sent]
to
Athens, Id.HG1.1.23, cf. Pl.R. 468a; ἀνίστασθαι ἐς ἌργοσE.Heracl.59, cf. Pl.Phd.116a. b. participles signifying motion are freq. omitted with εἰς, τοῖς στρατηγοῖς τοῖς εἰς Σικελίαν (sc. ἀποδειχθεῖσιν) And.1.11, etc. c. c. gen., mostly of proper names, as εἰς Ἀί̈δαο, Att. εἰς Ἅιδου [δόμουσ], Il.21.48; ἐς Ἀθηναίης [ἱερόν]
that time (in the fut.), D.14.24, Pl.Lg.830b); ἐς ὕστερον or τὸ ὕστερον, Od.12.126, Th.2.20: with Advbs., ἐς αὔριονIl.8.538, Pl.Lg.858b; ἔς περ ὀπίσσωOd.20.199; ἐς αὖθισTh.4.63 (v. εἰσαῦθισ(; ἐς αὐτίκα μάλ' Ar.Pax 367; εἰς ἔπειτα (v. εἰσέπειτα(; ἐς τὸ ἔ., Th.2.64; ἐς ὀψέId.8.23; εἰς ἅπαξ, v. εἰσάπαξ; εἰς ἔτι, v. εἰσέτι. III. to express MEASURE OR LIMIT, without reference to Time, ἐς δίσκουρα λέλειπτο was left behind
as far as
a quoit's throw, Il.23.523; ἐς δραχμὴν διέδωκε paid them
as much as
a drachma, Th.8.29; ἱματισμὸν ζητῆσαι εἰς δύο τάλανταThphr.Char.23.8; so ἐς τὰ μάλιστα
tribes, LXX1 Ki.10.21, cf. 2 Ki.18. 4.IV. to express RELATION,
towards, in regard to
, ἐξαμαρτεῖν εἰς θεούσA.Pr.945, etc.; ἁμάρτημα εἴς τινα, αἰτίαι ἐς ἀλλήλουσ, Isoc.8.96, Th.1.66; ὄνειδος ὀνειδίζειν εἴς τιναS.Ph.522; ἔχθρη ἔστιναHdt.6.65; φιλία ἐς ἀμφοτέρουσTh.2.9; λέγειν ἐσ ..Hdt.1.86; γνώμη ἀποδεχθεῖσα ἐς τὴν γέφυρανId.4.98; ἡ ἐς γῆν καὶ θάλασσαν ἀρχήTh.8.46. b. of the subject of a work, esp. in titles, e.g. τὰ ἐς ἈπολλώνιονPhilostr.VA; of the object of a dedication, as in titles of hymns, ἐπινίκια, etc. 2.
an object, IG22.102.11, 116.41, al.; ἐς τὸ δέονAr.Nu.859, etc.; ἐς δᾷδα ib.612. B. POSITION: εἰσ is sts. parted from its acc. by several words, εἰς ἀμφοτέρω Διομήδεος ἅρματα βήτηνIl.8.115; εἰς δὲ μονάρχου δῆμος ἀϊδρίῃ δουλοσύνην ἔπεσενSol.9: seldom (only in Poets) put after its case, Il.15.59, Od.3.137,15.541, S.OC126(lyr.): after an Adv., αὔριον ἔς· τῆμος δὲ..Od.7.318.