γοῦν or γ' οὖν, Ion. and Dor. γῶν (γε οὖν); restrictive Particle with an inferential force,
at least then
, freq. scarcely distinguishable from simple γε: twice in Hom. (with a second γε added), εἴ γ' οὖν ἕτερός γε φύγῃσινIl.5.258; μὴ ἐμέ γ' οὖν οὗτός γε 16.30 (so ἔοικα γοῦν τούτου γε ..σοφώτερος εἶναιPl.Ap.21d); freq. later, δοκέων πάγχυ δευτερεῖα γῶν οἴσεσθαιHdt.1.31; γνώσει ..ὀψὲ γοῦν τὸ σωφρονεῖνA.Ag.1425, cf. 432 (lyr.), etc.; freq. in adducing an instance, or a fact giving rise to a presumption, Heraclit.58, Th.1.2, X.Cyr.1.5.8; τὸν γοῦν ἄλλον χρόνον in past time
at all events
, D.20.16; emphasizing a personal or possessive pronoun, τὸ γ. ἐμόνS.OT626, cf. Ant.45; introducing an apodosis, Pl.Alc.1.112b; simply emphatic,
why yes
, E.Ph.618, Pl.Sph.219d, etc.; each Particle has its full force in τὰς γοῦν Ἀθήνας οἶδα
well
(οὖν), I know Athens (γε), S.OC24:— freq. separated by a word, πάνυ γ' ἂν οὖνAr.Ec.806, cf. Th.1.76, etc.:— rarely γε οὖν in full, D.H.2.56 codd. (The negat. form is οὔκουν ..γε.)