Officium, officij, n. g. ab efficiendo. Office: dutie of behauiour in honestie and reason: a thing that ought to bee done. Honour done to one: homage. Also a benefite, seruice, pleasure or good turne.Officium & munus oculorum.Cic.The office and duety of the eyes.Oratoris officium est, dicere ad persuadÊdÛ accõmodatè Ci.Perigrini officium, Cic. Tegminis officium. Ouid. Antelucana officia. Plin. Antiquissimum officium, Cic.Ciuilia officia. Quint. Grata alicui officia.Cic.
Lewis and Short: Latin dictionary
offĭcĭum, ii, n. [for opificium, opus and facio], qs. that which one does for another, a service, whether of free will or of (external or moral) necessity (class.; cf.: studium, beneficium, meritum, munus). I.A voluntary service, a kindness, favor, courtesy, rendered to one whose claim to it is recognized; while beneficium is a service rendered where there is no claim: officium esse filii, uxoris, earum personarum, quas necessitudo suscitat et ferre opem jubet, Sen. Ben. 3, 18, 1. A. In gen.: altera sententia est, quae definit amicitiam paribus officiis ac voluntatibus, Cic. Lael. 16, 58: odiosum sane genus hominum officia exprobrantium, id. ib. 20, 71: nihil est vicissitudine studiorum officiorumque jucundius, id. ib. 14, 49: filicem cum officio vicini decidere, so as to do him a service, Col. 2, 14, 6: summo officio praeditus homo,
exceedingly obliging
, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51, 135. —B. In partic. 1.A ceremonial observance, ceremony, attendance (on a festive or solemn occasion; mostly post-Aug.): officio togae virilis interfui, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 2: sine solenni officio, Suet. Claud. 2: per sollenne nuptiarum celeberrimo officio deductum ad se, id. Ner. 28; cf. id. Claud. 26: ad officium venire, id. Calig. 25: relicto statim novorum consulum officio, id. Caes. 50: in officio salutationis, id. Aug. 27: vitans praeter navigantium officia, id. Tib. 12: officia prosequentium, id. Caes. 71: quod supremis in matrem officiis defuisset,
at the payment of the last offices
,
at the funeral
, Tac. A. 5, 2: officium cras Primo sole mihi peragendum in valle Quirini,
a ceremonial visit
, Juv. 2, 133 sq.; 3, 239.—2. In mal. part., compliance, favor, Prop. 3, 15, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 10, 46; 3, 7, 24; cf. virile, Theod. Prisc. 2, 11: puerile, Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 5; Petr. 140.—II. In gen., an obligatory service, an obligation, duty, function, part, office (so most freq. in prose and poetry of all periods): nulla vitae pars neque publicis neque privatis neque forensibus neque domesticis in rebus, neque si tecum agas quid, neque, si cum altero contrahas, vacare oflicio potest: in eoque et colendo sita vitae est honestas omnis et in neglegendo turpitudo, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 2, 4 sq.: perfectum officium rectum opinor vocemus, quod Graeci kato/rqwma: hoc autem commune kaqh=kon vocant, id. ib. 1, 3, 8; an id doles, quia illi suum officium non colunt, quom tu tuum facis?Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 34; id. ib. 1, 1, 39; id. Pers. 4, 4, 66: meminisse officium suum,
to remember one's duty
, id. Trin. 3, 2, 71.—Also, subject., a sense of duty: si quis aegre ferat nihil in se esse virtutis, nihil officii, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 28, 61: quicquid in eum judicii officiique contuleris, id. Fam. 10, 1 fin.: intellegere, utrum apud eos pudor atque officium an timor valeret, Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 14: suum facere,
to do one's duty
, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 44: omnibus officiis amicitiae servatis,
, Auct. Her. 4, 34, 46.—Of things: neque pes neque mens satis suum officium facit, Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 3: officium corporis, the function or property of a body, Lucr. 1, 336 and 362.— B. In partic. 1.Lit., an official duty, a service, employment, business (class.): toti officio maritimo M. Bibulus praepositus cuncta administrabat,
naval service
, Caes. B. C. 3, 5 fin.; 3, 8: celeriter equitatus ad cotidianum itineris officium revertitur, id. ib. 1, 80: confecto legationis officio, id. ib. 3, 103: destringor officio, Plin. Ep. 7, 15, 1: officium (scribae), Nep. Eum. 1, 5.—2.Transf., an office, appointment (post-Aug.). a. Laboriosissimum et maximum, office, Plin. Pan. 91: nova officia excogitavit, Suet. Aug. 37; cf.: novum officium instituit a voluptatibus, id. Tib. 42: obligationes, quae non propriis viribus consistunt, neque officio judicis, neque praetoris imperio neque legis potestate confirmantur, Dig. 44, 7, 27: qui ex officio pro aliis interveniunt,
by virtue of their office
, ib. 21, 1, 31, 14: ministerii, Vulg. Exod. 28, 35: sacerdotum, id. Num. 7, 8.—b.Transf., in concr. (a).The officials or attendants on a magistrate = officialium corpus (post-class.): sub praetextu adventus officiorum vel militum, Dig. 1, 18, 6; 21, 2, 74: deponere aliquid apud officium, ib. 2, 4. 17: officia palatina, officers at the imperial court, Treb. Poll. Gall. 17, 8.—(b).An office or court of a magistrate: ipse me Regulus convenit in praetoris officio, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 11.