as a substance, opp. wood, flesh, etc., ἐπεὶ οὔ σφι λ. χρὼς οὐδὲ σίδηροσIl.4.510; λαοὺς δὲ λίθους ποίησε turned into
stone, petrified
, 24.611, cf. Pl.Smp.198c; so [νῆα] θεῖναι λ.Od.13.156; as an emblem of hard-heartedness, σοὶ δ' αἰεὶ κραδίη στερεωτέρη ἐστὶ λίθοιο 23.103, cf. Theoc.3.18. II.λίθος, ἡ, twice in Hom., Il.12.287, Od.19.494, just like masc., also in Theoc.7.26, BionFr.1.2: later mostly of
some special stone
, as the magnet is called Μαγνῆτις λ. by E.Fr.567 (but ἡ λίθοσ simply in Democr.11k, Arist.Ph. 267a2, cf. v.l. de An.405a20); also Λυδία λ. by S.Fr.800 (but in B.Fr. 10 J.Λυδία λ. =
touchstone
); Ἡρακλεία λ. by Pl.Ion533d, Epicur.Fr. 293; so of a
touchstone
, Pl.Grg.486d; ἡ διαφανὴς λ.
a piece of crystal
used for a burning-glass, Ar.Nu.767, cf. Luc.Alex.21; χυτὴ λ. was perh. a kind of
glass
, and so an older name for ὕαλοσ, Epin.1.8 (the same thing as the ἀρτήματα λίθινα χυτά in Hdt.2.69; cf. τὴν ὕαλον ..ὅσα τε λίθων χυτὰ εἴδη καλεῖταιPl.Ti.61c); λ. =
precious stone
is fem. in Hp.Nat.Mul.99, IG22.1421.92, 1460.21, but masc. in Hdt.2.44, etc.; in the sense of
(fem.), Call.Epigr.8.1. IV. at Athens, λίθος, ὁ, was a name for various
blocks of stone used for rostra
or
platforms
, as, 1. the βῆμα (q.v.) of the Pnyx, Ar.Ach.683, Pax 680, Ec.87. 2. another in the ἀγορά used by the κήρυκεσ, Plu.Sol.8; prob. the same as ὁ πρατὴρ λ., on which the auctioneer stood when selling slaves, etc., Poll.3.78, cf. 126. 3. an
altar
in the ἀγορά, at which the Thesmothetae, arbitrators, and witnesses took their oaths, Philoch.65, D.54.26 (restored from Harp. s.v. λίθοσ), Arist.Ath.7.1, 55.5, Plu.Sol.25; cf. λιθωμότησ. 4. two
stones
on which litigants stood in the Areopagus, Paus.1.28.5. V.
piece on a draughtboard
, Alc.82, Theoc. 6.18, cf. γραμμή 111.1: hence pron., πάντα λίθον κινεῖνZen.5.63 (who explains it differently). VI. Medic.,
stone in the bladder, calculus
, Arist.HA519b19, Hp.Morb.4.55, al. VII.Δία λίθον ὀμνύναι, = Lat.