κέρασ, κέραοσ, dat. κέραι (κέρᾳ), pl. κέρᾶ (but shortened before a vowel), κεράων, dat. κέρασι, κεράεσσι: horn; bows were made of horn, Il. 4.109 ff., Od. 21.395; hence said for bow, Il. 11.385; a sheath of horn was used to encase a fishing-line, to prevent the hook from being bitten off, Il. 24.81; with a play upon the word κραίνω, Od. 19.566.
κέρᾰσ, τό, Ep. gen. κέρᾰοσ, Att. contr. κέρωσ; Ep. dat. κέρᾰϊ (elided) or κέραι or κέρᾳIl.11.385, cf. Hdn.Gr.2.75, κέρᾳ also in Th. 2.90, 7.6: nom. pl. κέρᾱ (v. infr.), gen. κεράων, κερῶν, dat. κέρασι, Ep. κεράεσσι:— Att. Inscrr. have dual [κέρ]ατεIG12.301.109: pl.κέρατα ib.237.59; later Ep. κεράατα (̆̄̆̆) Nic.Th.291, κεράατοσ (̆̄̆̆) Arat.174, Q.S.6.225:— Hdt.has gen. κέρεοσ 6.111, dat. κέρεϊ 9.102: pl. κέρεα 2.38, κερέων ib.132; but Hp. has gen. sg. κέρωσ, pl. κέρατα,
Aër.
18. [In nom. and acc. κέρας, ᾰ always: in the obl. cases ᾰ in Ep., as κέρᾰσινOd.3.384 (in contr. dat. κέρᾱͅ, nom. pl. κέρᾱ (cf. Batr.165), a is shortd. before a vowel, Il.11.385, Od.19.211); but ᾱ in Trag.and Com., κέρᾱτοσHermipp.43, κέρᾱταE.Ba.921, κεράτων [ᾱ] prob. in S.Tr.519 (lyr.), κέρᾱσιA.Fr.185. In later Ep. the quantity varies.] (κέρασ is prob. related to κάρα; cf. κεραόσ.) I.
the horn of an animal
, in Hom. mostly of oxen, Il.17.521, etc.; ταῦροι ..εἰς κέρας θυμούμενοιE.Ba.743; ὀφθαλμοὶ δ' ὡς εἰ κέρα ἕστασαν his eyes stood fixed and stiff like
horns
, Od.19.211; as a symbol of strength, LXXPs.17(18).3, Diogenian.7.89, cf. Arist.PA662a1; of elephants'
tusks
, Aret.SD2.13, Opp.C.2.494. 2.
antennae
of crustaceans, Arist.HA526a31, 590b27; of the silkworm's
grub
, ib.551b10. II.
horn
, as a material, αἱ μὲν γὰρ [πύλαι] κεράεσσι τετεύχαταιOd.19.563;
the horn
of animals' hoofs, Longus 2.28. III.
anything made of horn
, 1.
bow
, τόξον ἐνώμα ..πειρώμενος ..μὴ κέρα ἶπες ἔδοιενOd. 21.395, cf. Theoc.25.206, Call.Epigr.38, AP6.75 (Paul.Sil.); for Il.11.385 v. infr. v.l. 2. of musical instruments,
attached to a fishing-line, Il.24.81, cf. Sch.; ἐς πόντον προί̈ησι βοὸς κέρασOd.12.253; ψάμμῳ κ. αἰὲν ἐρείδωνAP6.230 (Maec.), cf. Aristarch. ap. Apollon.Lex.s.v. κέρᾳ ἀγλαέ, Arist. ap. Plu.2.977a (also expld. as a
fishing-line of ox-hair
(cf. infr.v.l), ap.Plu.2.976f, cf. Poll.2.31; perh. an artificial
bait
). 2.
clyster-pipe
, Orib.8.32 7. 3. in pl.,
horn points
with which the writing-reed was tipped, AP6.227 (Crin.). V. of objects shaped like horns, 1. a mode of dressing the hair, κέρᾳ ἀγλαέIl.11.385 (unless the meaning be
bow
), cf. Aristarch. ad loc., Herodorus and Apionap. Eust. ad loc.: hence κέρασ is expld. as = θρίξ or κόμη, Apollon.Lex., Hdn.Gr. ap. Eust.l.c., Poll.2.31, Hsch.; cf. iv. l, and v. κεροπλάστησ. 2.
arm
or
branch
of a river, Ὠκεανοῖο κ.Hes.Th.789; ΝείλουPi.Fr.201; τὸ Μενδήσιον κέρασTh.1.110; ἐν Ἰνδοῖς ἐν τῷ Κέρατι καλουμένῳArist.Mir.835b5, cf. Mu.393b5; τὸ κ. τὸ Βυζαντίων the 'Golden
Horn'
, Str.7.6.2, cf. Plb.4.43.7, Sch.A.R.4.282; Ἑσπέρου K., name of a
bay
, HannoPeripl.14, cf. Philostr.VS1.21.2. 3.
wing
of an army, Hdt.9.26, etc.; or fleet, Id.6.8, Th.2.90, etc.; κ. δεξιόν, λαιόν, A.Pers.399, E.Supp.704; τὸ εὐώνυμον κ. ἀναπτύσσεινX.An.1.10.9. b.κατὰ κέρας προσβάλλειν, ἐπιπεσεῖν, to attack in
flank
, Th.3.78, X.HG6.5.16, etc.; κατὰ κ. προσιέναι, ἕπεσθαι, Id.Cyr.7.1.8 and 28; κατὰ κ. συμπεσώνPlb.1.40.14; πρὸς κ. μάχεσθαιX.Cyr.7.1.22. c.ἐπὶ κέρας ἀνάγειν τὰς νέασ to lead a fleet in
of the earth, γῆσPhilostr.VA2.18 (pl.). 7. in Anatomy,
extremities
of the uterus, Hp.Superf.1, Gal.7.266; of the diaphragm, Sor.1.57. b.ἁπαλὸν κ., = πόσθη, Archil.171, cf.Neophro (?) in PLit.Lond.77 Fr.2.19, E.Fr.278, AP12.95.6 (Mel.). 8. of the πήχεισ of the lyre, χρυσόδετον κ.S.Fr.244 (lyr.) (rather than the
bridge
, because made of
horn
, Ael.Dion.Fr.133, Poll.4.62). VI.κέρατα ποιεῖν τινι to give him
horns
, cuckold him, prov. in Artem.2.11; cf. κερασφόροσ 11. VII. = κερατίνησ, Luc.DMort.1.2. VIII. = σταφυλῖνος ἄγριοσ, Dsc.3.52; = οἰνάνθη, dub. in Ps.-Dsc.3.120.